Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Feira de Santana Bahia, Brazil.
Department of Epidemiology, Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia, Santo Antônio de Jesus, Bahia, Brazil.
Oral Dis. 2018 Apr;24(3):442-448. doi: 10.1111/odi.12737. Epub 2017 Oct 4.
To evaluate the association between periodontitis and severe asthma, with participants in treatment for severe asthma, controlled by therapy.
A case-control investigation was performed to compare 130 adults with severe asthma with 130 without asthma. Individuals with periodontitis were those with ≥4 teeth with ≥1 site with probing depth ≥4 mm, clinical attachment level ≥3 mm, and bleeding upon probing at the same site. Severe asthma diagnosis was based on Global Initiative for Asthma criteria.
Association between exposure to periodontitis and severe asthma was found: OR = 2.98 (95% CI: 1.74-5.11). When confounders were considered, the association between exposure to periodontitis and severe asthma was maintained: OR = 3.01-3.25. Individuals with periodontitis had about a threefold increased risk of severe asthma than those without periodontitis. Frequency of periodontitis in participants with severe asthma was greater than that of those without asthma (46.6% vs 22.3%, p ≤ .05).
Association between periodontitis and severe asthma was observed. Further investigation is required to determine the direction of this relationship. It may be causal, but it may also be a consequence of the immunopathological process that characterizes asthma, or else, consequence of the medication used for treatment.
评估牙周炎与重度哮喘之间的关联，研究对象为正在接受重度哮喘治疗且病情得到控制的患者。
采用病例对照研究，比较了 130 例重度哮喘患者和 130 例非哮喘患者。牙周炎患者是指≥4 颗牙齿在≥1 个部位的探诊深度≥4 mm、临床附着丧失≥3 mm、同一部位探诊时有出血的患者。重度哮喘的诊断基于全球哮喘倡议标准。
发现牙周炎暴露与重度哮喘之间存在关联：OR=2.98（95%CI：1.74-5.11）。当考虑混杂因素时，牙周炎暴露与重度哮喘之间的关联仍然存在：OR=3.01-3.25。与无牙周炎的患者相比，患有牙周炎的个体患重度哮喘的风险增加了约三倍。重度哮喘患者的牙周炎发生率高于无哮喘患者（46.6%比 22.3%，p≤0.05）。
观察到牙周炎与重度哮喘之间存在关联。需要进一步研究以确定这种关系的方向。这种关系可能是因果关系，但也可能是哮喘特征性免疫病理过程的结果，或者是治疗中使用的药物的结果。
