骨髓脂肪分泌因子作为骨质疏松症的生物标志物。
Marrow Fat-Secreted Factors as Biomarkers for Osteoporosis.
机构信息
Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15/1, 8036, Graz, Austria.
出版信息
Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2019 Dec;17(6):429-437. doi: 10.1007/s11914-019-00550-w.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The age-related accumulation of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) negatively impacts bone metabolism and hematopoiesis. This review provides an overview about BMAT-secreted factors as biomarkers for BMAT accumulation and osteoporosis risk.
RECENT FINDINGS
The adipokines leptin and adiponectin are regulators of BMAT. It remains to be clarified if locally produced adipokines substantially contribute to their peripheral serum levels and if they influence bone metabolism beyond that of extraosseous adipokine production. Existing data also suggests that BMAT disturbs bone metabolism primarily through palmitate-mediated toxic effects on osteoblasts and osteocytes, including dysregulated autophagy and apoptosis. BMAT-secreted factors are important modulators of bone metabolism. However, the majority of our understanding about MAT-secreted factors and their paracrine and endocrine effects is derived from in vitro studies and animal experiments. Therefore, more research is needed before BMAT-secreted biomarkers can be applied in medical practice.
目的综述
骨髓脂肪组织（BMAT）随年龄的增长而积累，这会对骨骼代谢和造血产生负面影响。本文综述了 BMAT 分泌因子作为 BMAT 积累和骨质疏松风险的生物标志物的相关研究。
最近的发现
瘦素和脂联素等脂肪因子是 BMAT 的调节剂。局部产生的脂肪因子是否会显著影响其外周血清水平，以及它们是否会通过骨外脂肪因子的产生以外的方式影响骨骼代谢，这些问题仍有待阐明。现有数据还表明，BMAT 主要通过棕榈酸对成骨细胞和破骨细胞的毒性作用来扰乱骨骼代谢，包括自噬和细胞凋亡的失调。BMAT 分泌因子是骨骼代谢的重要调节剂。然而，我们对 MAT 分泌因子及其旁分泌和内分泌作用的大部分了解都来自于体外研究和动物实验。因此，在 BMAT 分泌的生物标志物能够应用于医学实践之前，还需要开展更多的研究。
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