Li Yujue, Meng Yang, Yu Xijie
Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2019 Feb 8;10:69. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00069. eCollection 2019.
Bone marrow adipose tissue (MAT) is distinct from white adipose tissue (WAT) or brown adipose tissue (BAT) for its location, feature and function. As a largely ignored adipose depot, it is situated in bone marrow space and resided with bone tissue side-by-side. MAT is considered not only as a regulator of bone metabolism through paracrine, but also as a functionally particular adipose tissue that may contribute to global metabolism. Adipokines, inflammatory factors and other molecules derived from bone marrow adipocytes may exert systematic effects. In this review, we summary the evidence from several aspects including development, distribution, histological features and phenotype to elaborate the basic characteristics of MAT. We discuss the association between bone metabolism and MAT, and highlight our current understanding of this special adipose tissue. We further demonstrate the probable relationship between MAT and energy metabolism, as well as glucose metabolism. On the basis of preliminary results from animal model and clinical studies, we propose that MAT has its unique secretory and metabolic function, although there is no in-depth study at present.
骨髓脂肪组织（MAT）在位置、特征和功能方面与白色脂肪组织（WAT）或棕色脂肪组织（BAT）不同。作为一个在很大程度上被忽视的脂肪储存库，它位于骨髓腔内，与骨组织并排存在。MAT不仅被认为是通过旁分泌调节骨代谢的因子，而且是一种可能对整体代谢有贡献的功能特殊的脂肪组织。源自骨髓脂肪细胞的脂肪因子、炎症因子和其他分子可能会产生系统性影响。在本综述中，我们从发育、分布、组织学特征和表型等几个方面总结证据，以阐述MAT的基本特征。我们讨论了骨代谢与MAT之间的关联，并强调了我们目前对这种特殊脂肪组织的理解。我们进一步阐述了MAT与能量代谢以及葡萄糖代谢之间可能存在的关系。基于动物模型和临床研究的初步结果，我们提出，尽管目前尚无深入研究，但MAT具有其独特的分泌和代谢功能。
