National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences (FBCB - UNL), Paraje el Pozo s/n, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2020 Jan;104(1):35-40. doi: 10.1007/s00128-019-02741-8. Epub 2019 Nov 18.
Dimethoate (D) are among the most commonly used organophosphates insecticides in the world. To evaluate the toxicity of two D formulations were selected as test organisms tadpoles of Rhinella arenarum. This toad species has an extensive neotropical distribution and is easy to handle and acclimate to laboratory conditions. The tadpoles were exposed in an acute assay for 48 h to D soluble concentrates (DSC) and emulsifiable concentrates (DEC). The 48 h-LC (95% confidence limits) value of DSC was 57.46 mg L (40.52-81.43) and to DEC was 12.76 mg L (10.39-15.68). These differences in toxicity were statistically significant (p < 0.05). In both formulations, acetylcholinesterase), carboxylesterase, and glutathione-S-transferases enzyme activities varied significantly respect to those of control group (p < 0.05). The DEC formulation was the most toxic. These results would allow the assessment and characterization of potential ecological risks following the application of those formulations.
乐果（D）是世界上使用最广泛的有机磷杀虫剂之一。为了评估两种 D 制剂的毒性，选择 Rhinella arenarum 的蝌蚪作为测试生物。这种蟾蜍物种在新热带地区广泛分布，易于处理并适应实验室条件。蝌蚪在急性试验中暴露于乐果可溶性浓缩物（DSC）和可乳化浓缩物（DEC）48 小时。DSC 的 48 小时 LC（95%置信限）值为 57.46mg L（40.52-81.43），DEC 的 LC 值为 12.76mg L（10.39-15.68）。这些毒性差异具有统计学意义（p<0.05）。在这两种制剂中，乙酰胆碱酯酶）、羧酸酯酶和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶的酶活性与对照组相比变化显著（p<0.05）。DEC 制剂的毒性最大。这些结果将允许评估和描述在施用这些制剂后可能产生的生态风险。
