Canada Research Chair in Housing, Community, and Health; Assistant Professor, Institute for Health and Social Policy and Department of Geography, McGill University, Burnside Hall, 805 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, H3A 0B9, Canada.
Université Laval; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec, Canada.
Can J Public Health. 2020 Feb;111(1):21-30. doi: 10.17269/s41997-019-00249-6. Epub 2019 Nov 18.
In 2014-2015, over 400 social housing units were constructed in selected communities in Nunavik and Nunavut, two Inuit regions in northern Canada where housing shortages and poor quality housing are endemic and undermine population health. This paper presents results from a before-and-after study examining the effects of rehousing, i.e., relocating to a newly constructed or pre-existing social housing unit, on psychosocial health and asthma-related symptoms for Inuit adults.
Baseline data were collected 1-6 months before, and follow-up data 15-18 months after rehousing. Of the 289 participants at baseline, 186 were rehoused. Of the 169 participants eligible at follow-up, 102 completed the study. Self-reported health measures included psychological distress, perceived stress in daily life, perceived control over one's life, and asthma-related symptoms. Data are analyzed using multilevel models for longitudinal data.
After adjusting for age, sex, and region of residence, participants reported significantly lower levels of psychological distress and perceived stress in daily life, and improved sense of control over their lives 15 to 18 months after rehousing. Participants were also significantly less likely to report asthma-related symptoms at follow-up.
Significant positive health impacts are observed for adults who relocated to newly constructed or pre-existing social housing units. Increasing investments to redress the housing situation across Inuit Nunangat is required, not only to improve living conditions but also to improve the health and well-being of the population.
2014-2015 年，在加拿大北部的因纽特地区努纳武特和努纳维克，400 多个社会住房单元在选定的社区建成，这两个地区住房短缺和住房质量差是普遍存在的问题，破坏了人口健康。本文介绍了一项前后对照研究的结果，该研究调查了重新安置（即搬迁到新建成或现有社会住房单元）对因纽特成年人的心理健康和与哮喘相关症状的影响。
基线数据在重新安置前 1-6 个月收集，随访数据在重新安置后 15-18 个月收集。在 289 名基线参与者中，186 人重新安置。在符合随访条件的 169 名参与者中，有 102 人完成了研究。自我报告的健康指标包括心理困扰、日常生活中的压力感、对生活的控制感和与哮喘相关的症状。使用纵向数据分析多水平模型进行数据分析。
在调整年龄、性别和居住地区后，参与者报告重新安置 15 至 18 个月后，心理困扰和日常生活中的压力感显著降低，对生活的控制感得到改善。在随访时，参与者报告与哮喘相关的症状也明显减少。
重新安置到新建成或现有社会住房单元的成年人健康状况显著改善。需要增加投资来解决因纽特努纳武特的住房问题，不仅要改善生活条件，还要改善人口的健康和福祉。
