哮喘与呼吸道感染中的微小RNA：识别共同途径
MicroRNAs in Asthma and Respiratory Infections: Identifying Common Pathways.
作者信息
Taka Styliani, Tzani-Tzanopoulou Panayiota, Wanstall Hannah, Papadopoulos Nikolaos G
机构信息
Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Division of Infection, Inflammation and Respiratory Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
出版信息
Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2020 Jan;12(1):4-23. doi: 10.4168/aair.2020.12.1.4.
MicroRNAs (miRs) are single-stranded RNAs of 18-25 nucleotides. These molecules regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level; several of these are differentially expressed in asthma as well as in viral acute respiratory infections (ARIs), the main triggers of acute asthma exacerbations. In recent years, miRs have been studied in order to discover drug targets as well as biomarkers for diagnosis, disease severity and prognosis. We describe recent findings on miR expression and function in asthma and their role in the regulation of viral ARIs, according to cell tissue specificity and asthma severity. By combining the above information, we identify miRs that may be important in virus-induced asthma exacerbations. This is the first attempt to link miR profiles of asthmatic patients and ARI-induced miRs, addressing the question of whether there might be a specific miR deficit in asthmatic subjects that make them more susceptible and/or reactive to infection.
微小RNA（miR）是18 - 25个核苷酸的单链RNA。这些分子在转录后水平调节基因表达；其中几种在哮喘以及病毒急性呼吸道感染（ARI）中差异表达，而病毒急性呼吸道感染是急性哮喘加重的主要诱因。近年来，人们对miR进行了研究，以发现药物靶点以及用于诊断、疾病严重程度和预后的生物标志物。我们根据细胞组织特异性和哮喘严重程度，描述了关于miR在哮喘中的表达和功能及其在病毒ARI调节中的作用的最新发现。通过整合上述信息，我们确定了可能在病毒诱导的哮喘加重中起重要作用的miR。这是首次尝试将哮喘患者的miR谱与ARI诱导的miR联系起来，解决哮喘患者是否可能存在特定miR缺陷从而使其更容易感染和/或对感染反应更强烈这一问题。
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