Smith Benjamin C, Ramirez Brett C, Hoff Steven J, Greiner Laura L
Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Animals (Basel). 2019 Nov 19;9(11):996. doi: 10.3390/ani9110996.
Pre-weaning morality (PWM) is attributed to a poor creep area microclimate and causes major economic and productivity losses for the US swine industry. Piglets need supplementary heat to overcome a high surface area to body weight ratio and minimal thermoregulation. A pilot-scale study was conducted to evaluate a semi-enclosed heated microclimate (SEHM) as a supplementary heat source for farrowing creep areas over six farrowing cycles (from January to July 2019) in two rooms with 24 farrowing stalls in each room. Six SEHMs (each SEHM covers two stalls) were randomly distributed to each room and compared to heat lamps (HLs) for productivity and electricity usage. Data from 113 (SEHM) and 101 litters (HL) showed no significant difference between treatments in average daily gain ( = 0.26), 252.4 ± 8.0 g hd d (SEHM) and 260.3 ± 8.1 g hd d (HL) and PWM ( = 0.08), 9.67% ± 0.82% (SEHM) and 12.04% ± 0.87% (HL). However, a significant difference ( = 0.02) was noted in the PWM attributed to over-lay mortalities, 4.05% ± 0.76% (SEHM) compared to 6.04% ± 0.78% (HL). The SEHM electricity averaged 3.25 kWh d (2.91, 3.59 kWh d; 95% CI), which was significantly different ( < 0.01) from the HL equivalent (125 W bulb; 6 kWh d).
断奶前死亡率（PWM）归因于补饲区微气候不佳，给美国养猪业造成了重大经济损失和生产力损失。仔猪需要补充热量以克服高表面积与体重比以及最低限度的体温调节能力。在2019年1月至7月的六个产仔周期内，在两个房间（每个房间有24个产仔栏）进行了一项中试规模研究，以评估半封闭式加热微气候（SEHM）作为产仔补饲区的补充热源。每个房间随机分布六个SEHM（每个SEHM覆盖两个栏），并与加热灯（HL）在生产力和用电量方面进行比较。来自113窝（SEHM）和101窝（HL）的数据显示，处理组之间在平均日增重（ = 0.26）方面无显著差异，分别为252.4 ± 8.0 g/头·天（SEHM）和260.3 ± 8.1 g/头·天（HL），在PWM（ = 0.08）方面也无显著差异，分别为9.67% ± 0.82%（SEHM）和12.04% ± 0.87%（HL）。然而，在归因于重叠死亡率的PWM方面存在显著差异（ = 0.02），SEHM为4.05% ± 0.76%，而HL为6.04% ± 0.78%。SEHM的平均用电量为3.25 kWh/天（2.91，3.59 kWh/天；95%置信区间），与HL等效物（125瓦灯泡；6 kWh/天）有显著差异（ < 0.01）。
