Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Department of Neurosurgery, Neurotraumatology and Paediatric Neurosurgery, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Nutrients. 2019 Nov 19;11(11):2826. doi: 10.3390/nu11112826.
Vitamin D deficiency amongst athletes and the general population seems to be a prominent problem. The most recognized role of vitamin D is its regulation of calcium homeostasis; there is a strong relationship between vitamin D and bone health. Moreover, its concentrations are associated with muscle function and immune response in both the general and athletic populations. Vitamin D level is strongly connected with the presence of VDRs (vitamin D receptors) in most human extraskeletal cells. Expression of multiple myogenic transcription factors enhancing muscle cell proliferation and differentiation is caused by an exposure of skeletal muscles to vitamin D. The aim of this review is to summarize current understanding of the significance of vitamin D on exercise performance and physical efficiency, as well to analyze the impact of vitamin D on multiple potential mechanisms. More high-quality research studies, considering free 25(OH)D as a better marker of vitamin D status, the baseline level of 25(OH)D and multiple pathways of vitamin D acting and usage in athletes are required.
运动员和普通人群中维生素 D 缺乏似乎是一个突出的问题。维生素 D 最被认可的作用是其对钙稳态的调节；维生素 D 与骨骼健康之间存在很强的关系。此外，它的浓度与普通人群和运动员人群的肌肉功能和免疫反应有关。维生素 D 水平与大多数人体骨骼外细胞中 VDR（维生素 D 受体）的存在密切相关。骨骼肌肉暴露于维生素 D 会导致多种肌源性转录因子的表达，从而增强肌肉细胞的增殖和分化。本综述的目的是总结目前对维生素 D 对运动表现和身体效率的重要性的理解，并分析维生素 D 对多种潜在机制的影响。需要更多高质量的研究，考虑将游离 25(OH)D 作为维生素 D 状态的更好标志物，考虑运动员的 25(OH)D 基线水平和维生素 D 作用和使用的多个途径。
