Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
Doctoral School of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics University of Szeged, Dugonics tér 13, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
Genes (Basel). 2019 Nov 19;10(11):941. doi: 10.3390/genes10110941.
Separation of germline cells from somatic lineages is one of the earliest decisions of embryogenesis. Genes expressed in germline cells include apoptotic and meiotic factors, which are not transcribed in the soma normally, but a number of testis-specific genes are active in numerous cancer types. During germ cell development, germ-cell-specific genes can be regulated by specific transcription factors, retinoic acid signaling and multimeric protein complexes. Non-canonical polycomb repressive complexes, like ncPRC1.6, play a critical role in the regulation of the activity of germ-cell-specific genes. RING1 and YY1 binding protein (RYBP) is one of the core members of the ncPRC1.6. Surprisingly, the role of Rybp in germ cell differentiation has not been defined yet. This review is focusing on the possible role of Rybp in this process. By analyzing whole-genome transcriptome alterations of the embryonic stem (ES) cells and correlating this data with experimentally identified binding sites of ncPRC1.6 subunits and retinoic acid receptors in ES cells, we propose a model how germ-cell-specific transcription can be governed by an RYBP centered regulatory network, underlining the possible role of RYBP in germ cell differentiation and tumorigenesis.
生殖细胞与体线细胞的分离是胚胎发生的最早决策之一。生殖细胞中表达的基因包括凋亡和减数分裂因子，这些基因在体细胞中通常不转录，但许多睾丸特异性基因在许多癌症类型中都有活性。在生殖细胞发育过程中，生殖细胞特异性基因可以被特定的转录因子、视黄酸信号和多聚蛋白复合物调节。非典型多梳抑制复合物，如 ncPRC1.6，在生殖细胞特异性基因活性的调节中起着关键作用。RING1 和 YY1 结合蛋白 (RYBP) 是 ncPRC1.6 的核心成员之一。令人惊讶的是，RYBP 在生殖细胞分化中的作用尚未确定。本综述重点介绍了 Rybp 在这一过程中的可能作用。通过分析胚胎干细胞（ES 细胞）的全基因组转录组变化，并将这些数据与实验鉴定的 ncPRC1.6 亚基和视黄酸受体在 ES 细胞中的结合位点进行关联，我们提出了一个模型，说明生殖细胞特异性转录如何受以 RYBP 为中心的调控网络控制，强调了 RYBP 在生殖细胞分化和肿瘤发生中的可能作用。
