6100 Main Street-MS-201, Houston, Texas, 77005, United States.
6100 Main Street-MS-201, Houston, Texas, 77005, United States.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2020 Feb;112:104401. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.104401. Epub 2019 Nov 7.
Stressful life events such as losing a spouse can enhance inflammation. Responses to loss may depend, in part, on individual differences in attachment anxiety and avoidance. An individual's attachment orientation (i.e., an individual's levels of attachment anxiety and avoidance) reflects how an individual relates to others-- specifically, whether they feel their trusted others will reliably be there for them, and whether they feel comfortable opening up to and depending on their relationship partners. This study investigated the association between attachment orientations and poor loss adjustment in recently bereaved individuals (N = 100). Poor loss adjustment was operationalized as greater levels of inflammation and grief symptoms, as well as poorer self-reported mental and physical health. Attachment anxiety was associated with increased stimulated monocyte IL-6 and CCL4 production, but not TNFα. Likewise, attachment anxiety was associated with greater grief symptoms as well as poorer mental and physical health. In contrast, attachment avoidance was not associated with inflammation; it was, however, associated with less grief symptoms as well as better self-reported mental and physical health. Our findings provide evidence that attachment orientations may be associated with loss adjustment and adverse health outcomes following the recent loss of a spouse.
生活压力事件，如丧偶，可以增强炎症。对损失的反应可能部分取决于依恋焦虑和回避的个体差异。一个人的依恋方向（即，一个人对依恋的焦虑和回避程度）反映了一个人与他人的关系——具体来说，他们是否感到自己信任的人会可靠地陪伴在他们身边，以及他们是否感到舒适，愿意向自己的关系伙伴敞开心扉并依赖他们。这项研究调查了依恋方向与最近丧偶个体不良损失调整之间的关系（N=100）。不良损失调整的表现为炎症和悲伤症状水平升高，以及自我报告的心理健康和身体健康状况较差。依恋焦虑与刺激单核细胞 IL-6 和 CCL4 产生增加有关，但与 TNFα 无关。同样，依恋焦虑与更严重的悲伤症状以及心理健康和身体健康状况较差有关。相比之下，依恋回避与炎症无关；然而，它与较少的悲伤症状以及自我报告的心理健康和身体健康状况较好有关。我们的研究结果提供了证据，表明依恋方向可能与最近丧偶后损失调整和不良健康结果有关。
