Second Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
Adv Clin Exp Med. 2019 Nov;28(11):1571-1575. doi: 10.17219/acem/104551.
Despite great advances in medicine, the proper treatment of arterial hypertension (AH), diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains a major challenge. Untreated, undiagnosed AH or DM may lead to the development of CKD and consequently to the occurrence of cardiovascular events. Adropin and irisin are newly discovered proteins which may play a role in the development and progression of the chronic diseases mentioned above. Endothelium dysfunction could be a bonding point. The following review paper focuses on adropin and irisin concentrations and their correlations in AH, DM and CKD. Lower adropin concentrations have been measured in patients with primary AH when compared to healthy volunteers. Irisin has reduced blood pressure on nitric oxide (NO)-dependent pathways in experimental studies; a negative correlation between irisin and blood pressure values has also been observed in preeclamptic women. Irisin also plays a role in insulin sensitivity and metabolic disorders. Lower irisin levels have been observed in patients with DM type 2 in comparison to a nondiabetic control group. It is also lower in the serum of pregnant women with gestational DM. A negative correlation between irisin and estimated glomerular filtration rate (EGFR) has also been noted. Adropin and irisin are newly described myokines measured in human plasma in healthy and disease status. Their exact function has not been specified yet and requires further studies.
尽管医学取得了巨大进步，但动脉高血压（AH）、糖尿病（DM）和慢性肾病（CKD）的正确治疗仍然是一个主要挑战。未经治疗、未诊断的 AH 或 DM 可能导致 CKD 的发展，并因此导致心血管事件的发生。阿多品和鸢尾素是新发现的蛋白质，它们可能在上述慢性疾病的发展和进展中发挥作用。内皮功能障碍可能是一个联系点。以下综述文章重点关注 AH、DM 和 CKD 中阿多品和鸢尾素的浓度及其相关性。与健康志愿者相比，原发性 AH 患者的阿多品浓度较低。在实验研究中，鸢尾素通过一氧化氮（NO）依赖途径降低血压；在先兆子痫妇女中也观察到鸢尾素与血压值之间存在负相关。鸢尾素还在胰岛素敏感性和代谢紊乱中发挥作用。与非糖尿病对照组相比，2 型 DM 患者的鸢尾素水平较低。在患有妊娠糖尿病的孕妇的血清中也较低。还注意到鸢尾素与估算肾小球滤过率（EGFR）之间存在负相关。阿多品和鸢尾素是在健康和疾病状态下在人血浆中测量的新描述的肌因子。它们的确切功能尚未确定，需要进一步研究。
