Almeida M N, Rotto H, Schneider P, Robb C, Zimmerman J J, Holtkamp D J, Rademacher C J, Linhares D C L
Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States.
Innovative Agriculture Solutions, LLC, Ames, IA, United States.
Prev Vet Med. 2020 Jan;174:104810. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2019.104810. Epub 2019 Nov 4.
Oral fluids are a common diagnostic sample in group-housed nursery, grow-finish, and adult swine. Although oral fluids from due-to-wean litters could be a valuable tool in monitoring pathogens and predicting the health status of pig populations post-weaning, it is generally not done because of inconsistent success in sample collection. The objective of this study was to determine the optimum procedure for collecting oral fluid samples from due-to-wean litters. Successful collection of oral fluids from due-to-wean litters using "Litter Oral Fluid" (LOF) or "Family Oral Fluid" (FOF) sampling techniques were compared in 4 phases involving 920 attempts to collect oral fluids. Phase 1 testing showed that prior exposure to a rope improved the success rates of both LOF (33.4%) and FOF (16.4%) techniques. Phase 2 determined that longer access to the rope (4 h vs 30 min) did not improve the success rate for either LOF or FOF. Phase 3 evaluated the effect of attractants and found that one (Baby Pig Restart®) improved the success rate when used with the FOF technique. Phase 4 compared the success rates of "optimized LOF" (litters previously trained) vs "optimized FOF" (litter previously trained and rope treated with Baby Pig Restart®) vs standard FOF. No difference was found between the FOF-based techniques, but both were superior to the "optimized LOF" technique. Thus, FOF-based procedures provided a significantly higher probability of collecting oral fluids from due-to-wean litters (mean success rate 84.9%, range 70% to 92%) when compared to LOF-based methods (mean success rate 24.1%, range 16.5% to 32.2%).
口腔液是群体饲养的保育猪、生长育肥猪和成年猪常用的诊断样本。虽然来自即将断奶仔猪的口腔液可能是监测病原体和预测断奶后猪群健康状况的宝贵工具，但由于样本采集成功率不一致，一般不这样做。本研究的目的是确定从即将断奶仔猪采集口腔液样本的最佳程序。在涉及920次口腔液采集尝试的4个阶段中，比较了使用“窝口腔液”（LOF）或“全窝口腔液”（FOF）采样技术从即将断奶仔猪成功采集口腔液的情况。第1阶段测试表明，事先接触绳索可提高LOF（33.4%）和FOF（16.4%）技术的成功率。第2阶段确定，延长接触绳索的时间（4小时对30分钟）并未提高LOF或FOF的成功率。第3阶段评估了引诱剂的效果，发现一种引诱剂（仔猪重启剂®）与FOF技术一起使用时可提高成功率。第4阶段比较了“优化LOF”（事先训练过的窝仔猪）与“优化FOF”（事先训练过的窝仔猪且绳索用仔猪重启剂®处理）与标准FOF的成功率。基于FOF的技术之间没有差异，但两者均优于“优化LOF”技术。因此，与基于LOF的方法（平均成功率24.1%，范围16.5%至32.2%）相比，基于FOF的程序从即将断奶仔猪采集口腔液的概率显著更高（平均成功率84.9%，范围70%至92%）。
