Dietze Klaas, Tucakov Anna, Engel Tatjana, Wirtz Sabine, Depner Klaus, Globig Anja, Kammerer Robert, Mouchantat Susan
Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald Insel Riems, Germany.
BMC Vet Res. 2017 Jan 5;13(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s12917-016-0930-2.
Non-invasive sampling techniques based on the analysis of oral fluid specimen have gained substantial importance in the field of swine herd management. Methodological advances have a focus on endemic viral diseases in commercial pig production. More recently, these approaches have been adapted to non-invasive sampling of wild boar for transboundary animal disease detection for which these effective population level sampling methods have not been available. In this study, a rope-in-a-bait based oral fluid sampling technique was tested to detect classical swine fever virus nucleic acid shedding from experimentally infected domestic pigs.
Separated in two groups treated identically, the course of the infection was slightly differing in terms of onset of the clinical signs and levels of viral ribonucleic acid detection in the blood and oral fluid. The technique was capable of detecting classical swine fever virus nucleic acid as of day 7 post infection coinciding with the first detection in conventional oropharyngeal swab samples from some individual animals. Except for day 7 post infection in the "slower onset group", the chances of classical swine fever virus nucleic acid detection in ropes were identical or higher as compared to the individual sampling.
With the provided evidence, non-invasive oral fluid sampling at group level can be considered as additional cost-effective detection tool in classical swine fever prevention and control strategies. The proposed methodology is of particular use in production systems with reduced access to veterinary services such as backyard or scavenging pig production where it can be integrated in feeding or baiting practices.
基于口腔液样本分析的非侵入性采样技术在猪群管理领域已变得极为重要。方法学的进展主要集中在商业养猪生产中的地方性病毒病。最近，这些方法已被应用于野猪的非侵入性采样，用于检测跨界动物疾病，而此前尚无有效的群体水平采样方法。在本研究中，测试了一种基于诱饵绳的口腔液采样技术，以检测实验感染家猪的经典猪瘟病毒核酸 shedding情况。
分为两组进行相同处理，两组在临床症状出现的时间以及血液和口腔液中病毒核糖核酸检测水平方面，感染过程略有不同。该技术能够在感染后第7天检测到经典猪瘟病毒核酸，这与一些个体动物的常规口咽拭子样本中的首次检测时间一致。除了“发病较慢组”感染后第7天外，与个体采样相比，在绳索中检测到经典猪瘟病毒核酸的几率相同或更高。
根据所提供的证据，群体水平的非侵入性口腔液采样可被视为经典猪瘟防控策略中一种额外的具有成本效益的检测工具。所提出的方法在兽医服务获取有限的生产系统中特别有用，例如后院养猪或散养生产，在这些系统中它可以整合到喂养或诱饵实践中。
