Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceio, Brazil.
Epilepsy Behav. 2021 Aug;121(Pt B):106595. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.106595. Epub 2019 Nov 20.
The hippocampal formation is crucial for the generation and regulation of several brain functions, including memory and learning processes; however, it is vulnerable to neurological disorders, such as epilepsy. Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), the most common type of epilepsy, changes the hippocampal circuitry and excitability, under the contribution of both neuronal degeneration and abnormal neurogenesis. Classically, neurodegeneration affects sensitive areas of the hippocampus, such as dentate gyrus (DG) hilus, as well as specific fields of the Ammon's horn, CA3, and CA1. In addition, the proliferation, migration, and abnormal integration of newly generated hippocampal granular cells (GCs) into the brain characterize TLE neurogenesis. Robust studies over the years have intensely discussed the effects of death and life in the hippocampus, though there are still questions to be answered about their possible benefits and risks. Here, we review the impacts of death and life in the hippocampus, discussing its influence on TLE, providing new perspectives or insights for the implementation of new possible therapeutic targets. This article is part of the Special Issue "NEWroscience 2018".
海马结构对于多种脑功能的产生和调节至关重要，包括记忆和学习过程；然而，它易受到神经疾病的影响，如癫痫。颞叶癫痫（TLE）是最常见的癫痫类型，在神经元变性和异常神经发生的共同作用下，改变了海马回路和兴奋性。经典上，神经退行性变影响海马的敏感区域，如齿状回（DG）门区，以及 ammon's horn 的特定区域 CA3 和 CA1。此外，新生成的海马颗粒细胞（GCs）的增殖、迁移和异常整合是 TLE 神经发生的特征。多年来，大量研究强烈讨论了海马中死亡和生存的影响，尽管关于它们可能的益处和风险仍有一些问题需要解答。在这里，我们综述了海马中死亡和生存的影响，讨论了其对 TLE 的影响，为实施新的可能治疗靶点提供了新的视角或见解。本文是“2018 年神经科学特刊”的一部分。
