School of Health, Medical, and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Australia.
School of Health, Medical, and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Australia.
Int J Psychophysiol. 2020 Jan;147:100-106. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2019.10.015. Epub 2019 Nov 21.
Recent research has shown an association between the viewing of wagering advertising, which often presents inducements to gamble, and maladaptive sports-betting behaviours; however, the mechanism/s underlying the development of the intention to gamble remains relatively understudied. Eye-tracking and tonic electrodermal activity was recorded from 59 participants (including 49 regular gamblers and 10 non-gamblers), while they watched a series of advertisements. Following each advertisement, participants were asked to rate how likely they would be to take up the offer presented, therein. The number of fixations placed on each offer differed according to the type of inducement shown (p < .001), with reduced risk and cash back inducements being looked at more often than better odds and bonus bet inducements by all groups. Increased electrodermal activity while viewing the advertisements was associated with greater severity of gambling-related harm (p < .001), as well as greater ratings of desire for most advertisements. Rating of desire was, likewise, positively associated with gambling-related harm (p < .001). These results may suggest that, while the offers in gambling advertisements may be looked at by most viewers, unless there an attendant increase in arousal, it is quite unlikely that these inducements will elicit a desire to gamble. For individuals already at risk of gambling problems, exposure to these advertisements, especially those offering what is perceived to be safer betting options that minimise financial losses, may exacerbate existing harms. Such information may prove useful in guiding industry practice, government regulations, therapeutic interventions, and future research on this topic.
最近的研究表明，观看博彩广告（通常提供博彩诱因）与不良的体育博彩行为之间存在关联；然而，意图赌博的发展机制仍相对研究不足。研究记录了 59 名参与者（包括 49 名经常赌博者和 10 名非赌博者）的眼动和紧张性皮肤电活动，同时他们观看了一系列广告。在观看完每则广告后，参与者被要求评估他们接受广告中所提供优惠的可能性。根据展示的诱因类型，参与者对每个优惠的注视次数有所不同（p<0.001），所有群体都更频繁地查看风险和现金返还的诱因，而不是更好的赔率和奖金投注的诱因。观看广告时皮肤电活动的增加与赌博相关伤害的严重程度（p<0.001）以及对大多数广告的渴望程度评分增加有关。渴望程度评分也与赌博相关伤害呈正相关（p<0.001）。这些结果表明，虽然大多数观众可能会查看赌博广告中的优惠，但除非伴随着唤醒程度的增加，否则这些诱因不太可能引起赌博的欲望。对于已经有赌博问题风险的个人来说，接触这些广告，尤其是那些提供被认为是更安全的投注选择、最大限度减少财务损失的广告，可能会加剧现有的伤害。这些信息可能有助于指导行业实践、政府法规、治疗干预以及该主题的未来研究。
