School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2020 Oct 15;75(11):2147-2155. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glz277.
This study examined whether aspects of diet and nutrition risk explain variance in physical capacity and general health, after controlling for covariates, in Canadian adults with osteoarthritis (OA).
This was a cross-sectional study of baseline data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA). Data from 1,404 participants with hand, hip, and/or knee OA were included. A series of regression analyses were conducted with independent variables of food intake (fiber and high calorie snack intake) and nutrition risk; and dependent variables of physical capacity and general health. Physical capacity was characterized through grip strength and a pooled index of four mobility tests. General health was characterized through an index of self-reported general health, mental health, and healthy aging.
Higher fiber intake was related to greater mobility (p = .01). Food intake was not related to any other outcome. Nutrition risk was significantly associated with mobility (p < .001) and general health (p < .001); those with a high nutrition risk classification had poorer general health (p < .001, d = 0.65) than those at low nutrition risk. As well, those with moderate nutrition risk had poorer general health than those with low nutrition risk (p = .001, d = 0.31).
Nutrition risk screening for older adults with OA provides insight into behavioral characteristics associated with reduced mobility and poorer general health. Also, those consuming greater amounts of fiber demonstrated better mobility. Thus, this research suggests that quality of diet and nutritional behaviors can impact both physical and mental aspects of health in those with OA.
本研究旨在探讨在控制协变量的情况下，加拿大骨关节炎（OA）患者的饮食和营养风险因素是否能解释其体能和总体健康状况的差异。
这是一项加拿大老龄化纵向研究（CLSA）的横断面研究。共纳入了 1404 名手部、髋部和/或膝部 OA 患者的基线数据。采用一系列回归分析，自变量为食物摄入量（纤维和高热量零食摄入量）和营养风险；因变量为体能和总体健康。体能通过握力和四项移动性测试的综合指数来衡量。总体健康通过自我报告的总体健康、心理健康和健康老龄化指数来衡量。
较高的纤维摄入量与更好的移动能力相关（p =.01）。食物摄入量与其他任何结果均无关。营养风险与移动能力（p <.001）和总体健康（p <.001）显著相关；营养风险分类较高的患者总体健康状况较差（p <.001，d = 0.65），低于营养风险较低的患者。此外，中度营养风险的患者的总体健康状况也不如低营养风险的患者（p =.001，d = 0.31）。
对 OA 老年患者进行营养风险筛查可以深入了解与移动能力下降和总体健康状况较差相关的行为特征。此外，摄入更多纤维的患者移动能力更好。因此，这项研究表明，饮食质量和营养行为可能会影响 OA 患者的身心健康。
