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宿主饮食特化与中性组装塑造野生蜻蜓的肠道细菌群落。

Host dietary specialization and neutral assembly shape gut bacterial communities of wild dragonflies.

作者信息

Deb Rittik, Nair Ashwin, Agashe Deepa

机构信息

National Centre for Biological Sciences, TIFR, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology & Research Academy (SASTRA University), Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.

出版信息

PeerJ. 2019 Nov 18;7:e8058. doi: 10.7717/peerj.8058. eCollection 2019.

Abstract

Host-associated gut microbiota can have significant impacts on host ecology and evolution and are often host-specific. Multiple factors can contribute to such host-specificity: (1) host dietary specialization passively determining microbial colonization, (2) hosts selecting for specific diet-acquired microbiota, or (3) a combination of both. The latter possibilities indicate a functional association and should produce stable microbiota. We tested these alternatives by analyzing the gut bacterial communities of six species of wild adult dragonfly populations collected across several geographic locations. The bacterial community composition was predominantly explained by sampling location, and only secondarily by host identity. To distinguish the role of host dietary specialization and host-imposed selection, we identified prey in the guts of three dragonfly species. Surprisingly, the dragonflies-considered to be generalist predators-consumed distinct prey; and the prey diversity was strongly correlated with the gut bacterial profile. Such host dietary specialization and spatial variation in bacterial communities suggested passive rather than selective underlying processes. Indeed, the abundance and distribution of 72% of bacterial taxa were consistent with neutral community assembly; and fluorescent in situ hybridization revealed that bacteria only rarely colonized the gut lining. Our results contradict the expectation that host-imposed selection shapes the gut microbiota of most insects, and highlight the importance of joint analyses of diet and gut microbiota of natural host populations.

摘要

与宿主相关的肠道微生物群可对宿主生态和进化产生重大影响,且通常具有宿主特异性。多种因素可导致这种宿主特异性:(1)宿主饮食特化被动地决定微生物定殖,(2)宿主选择特定的饮食获得性微生物群,或(3)两者的结合。后一种可能性表明存在功能关联,并且应该产生稳定的微生物群。我们通过分析在几个地理位置采集的六种野生成年蜻蜓种群的肠道细菌群落来测试这些可能性。细菌群落组成主要由采样地点解释,其次才是宿主身份。为了区分宿主饮食特化和宿主施加的选择的作用,我们鉴定了三种蜻蜓肠道中的猎物。令人惊讶的是,被认为是广食性捕食者的蜻蜓消耗不同的猎物;并且猎物多样性与肠道细菌谱密切相关。这种宿主饮食特化和细菌群落的空间变化表明潜在过程是被动的而非选择性的。事实上,72% 的细菌类群的丰度和分布与中性群落组装一致;荧光原位杂交显示细菌很少定殖在肠道内壁。我们的结果与宿主施加的选择塑造大多数昆虫肠道微生物群的预期相矛盾,并强调了对自然宿主种群的饮食和肠道微生物群进行联合分析的重要性。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d504/6870522/59ca7e05b85c/peerj-07-8058-g001.jpg

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