Haumann Wilhelm
Institut für Demoskopie Allensbach, Radolfzeller Str. 8, 78476, Allensbach, Deutschland.
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2020 Oct;53(6):522-530. doi: 10.1007/s00391-019-01656-7. Epub 2019 Nov 25.
There has been a steadily growing trend for years towards assisted residential groups for seniors. Nevertheless, the proportion of persons living in such residential groups lags far behind that of traditional retirement homes, which are often viewed as undesirable.
The preferences of the German population when it comes to living arrangements and nursing care in old age. Who is interested in living and being cared for in residential groups for seniors and why?
Analysis of data obtained by the Allensbach Institute for Demoscopy (Institut für Demoskopie Allensbach) particularly from surveys conducted for the DAK-Pflegereport 2017-2019.
If they were in need of permanent nursing care most Germans would prefer to be cared for by relatives and/or a home care service in their own home. Only 5% would prefer a retirement home from the outset, while a considerably greater proportion would consider alternative types of nursing care and 20% would choose care that is provided in a residential group setting; however, the desire for such alternative care has only been realized by a maximum of 2% of persons in need of care. Women express above average interest in assisted residential groups. Many feel that such residential groups are especially suitable for people with dementia. There are different reasons why people are interested in residential care arrangements, whereby avoiding loneliness and the mutual support residents can provide to one another are cited particularly often; however, practical factors also play a role.
Given the widespread desire to live in assisted residential groups, the question arises as to why so few people have made use of this residential arrangement and how it might be possible to better meet the needs of those persons who are interested in residential group living.
多年来，面向老年人的辅助居住群体呈稳步增长趋势。然而，居住在这类居住群体中的人数比例远远落后于传统养老院，传统养老院常被视为不理想的选择。
了解德国民众在老年居住安排和护理方面的偏好。哪些人对老年人居住群体中的生活和护理感兴趣，原因是什么？
分析阿伦斯巴赫民意调查研究所（Institut für Demoskopie Allensbach）获取的数据，特别是为2017 - 2019年德国汽车俱乐部护理报告（DAK-Pflegereport）进行的调查数据。
如果需要长期护理，大多数德国人更希望由亲属和/或家庭护理服务在自己家中提供护理。只有5%的人一开始就倾向于养老院，而相当大比例的人会考虑其他类型的护理，20%的人会选择在居住群体环境中提供的护理；然而，最多只有2%需要护理的人实现了对这种替代护理的需求。女性对辅助居住群体表现出高于平均水平的兴趣。许多人认为这类居住群体特别适合患有痴呆症的人。人们对居住护理安排感兴趣有不同原因，其中特别常提到的是避免孤独以及居民之间可以相互提供的支持；然而，实际因素也起作用。
鉴于人们普遍希望居住在辅助居住群体中，问题就出现了：为什么很少有人利用这种居住安排，以及如何更好地满足那些对居住群体生活感兴趣的人的需求。
