护士努力为远距离的护理人员提供卓越的支持和护理：一项定性研究。
Nurses striving to provide caregiver with excellent support and care at a distance: a qualitative study.
机构信息
Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, Porsgrunn, Norway.
, Kongsberg, Norway.
出版信息
BMC Health Serv Res. 2019 Nov 27;19(1):893. doi: 10.1186/s12913-019-4740-7.
BACKGROUND
In Norway, changes in life expectancy have led to increased attention to older people who are ageing at home, by means of home care services, adapted technology and informal caregivers. The caring situation has become difficult for many caregivers. The use of telecare has now offered them the possibility to receive support at home. The purpose of this study was to explore how nurses provide support and care at a distance, using a web camera and a web forum in a closed telecare network for caregivers to persons suffering from stroke and dementia.
METHODS
The study had an explorative design with a qualitative approach. The data sources consisted of interviews with nurses and excerpts from posts in a closed telecare network. Content analysis was used to analyse the text from the interviews and the text from the web forum.
RESULTS
The main theme, "Balancing asymmetric and symmetric relationships" described nurses' relationship with caregiver. Two categories, "Balancing personal and professional qualities" and "Balancing caregivers' dependence versus independence" were identified. The first describing the tension in their dialogue, the second describing how nurses provided the caregivers with a sense of security as well as strengthening them to master their daily lives.
CONCLUSIONS
The nurses provided long distance support and care for the caregivers, by using computer-meditated communication. This communication was characterized by closeness as well as empathy. To strengthen the caregivers' competence and independence, the nurses were easy accessible and provided virtual supervision and support. This study increases the knowledge about online dialogues and relationship between nurses and caregivers. It contributes to knowledge about balancing in the relationship, as well as knowledge about bridging the gap between technologies and nursing care as potential conflicting dimensions. Maintenance of ethical principles are therefore critical to be aware of.
背景
在挪威，预期寿命的变化使得人们更加关注那些在家中接受家庭护理服务、适应技术和非专业护理人员照顾而逐渐衰老的老年人。许多护理人员的照顾情况变得很困难。远程护理的使用现在为他们提供了在家中获得支持的可能性。本研究的目的是探讨护士如何使用网络摄像头和网络论坛在一个封闭的远程护理网络中为中风和痴呆症患者的护理人员提供远程支持和护理。
方法
本研究采用探索性设计和定性方法。数据来源包括对护士的访谈以及封闭远程护理网络中帖子的摘录。内容分析用于分析访谈文本和网络论坛文本。
结果
主题为“平衡不对称和对称关系”，描述了护士与护理人员的关系。确定了两个类别，“平衡个人和专业素质”和“平衡护理人员的依赖与独立”。第一个描述了他们对话中的紧张关系，第二个描述了护士如何为护理人员提供安全感，同时增强他们驾驭日常生活的能力。
结论
护士通过使用计算机介导的交流为护理人员提供远程支持和护理。这种交流的特点是亲近和同理心。为了增强护理人员的能力和独立性，护士易于获得，并提供虚拟监督和支持。本研究增加了关于在线对话和护士与护理人员之间关系的知识。它有助于了解关系中的平衡，以及技术和护理之间的差距作为潜在冲突维度的知识。因此，维护道德原则至关重要。
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