Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, 44# Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1206:41-65. doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-0602-4_2.
ATG is involved in multiple processes of autophagosome formation, including the initial phase of autophagy. The mammalian autophagy complex-ULK1 complex is composed of ULK1, FIP200, ATG13 and ATG101, and the yeast autophagy initiation complex-ATG1 complex is composed of ATG1, ATG13, ATG17, ATG29 and ATG31. After this complex is activated, it binds and phosphorylates ATG9 on the vesicles. Then PI3KC3-C1 (yeast: ATG34: ATG15: ATG6: ATG14 or mammal animal: ATG34: ATG15: BECN1: ATG14L) is recruited to the PAS. Further, ATG12-ATG5-ATG16 complex is localized on PAS (Yeast) or localized on the outer surface of the membrane (mammal) and makes binding of ATG8 (LC3) with PE to form ATG8-PE complex, promoting autophagic membrane elongation, closure and formation autophagosome and autophagosome lysosome.
ATG 参与自噬体形成的多个过程，包括自噬的初始阶段。哺乳动物自噬体复合物-ULK1 复合物由 ULK1、FIP200、ATG13 和 ATG101 组成，而酵母自噬体起始复合物-ATG1 复合物由 ATG1、ATG13、ATG17、ATG29 和 ATG31 组成。该复合物被激活后，结合并磷酸化囊泡上的 ATG9。然后 PI3KC3-C1（酵母：ATG34：ATG15：ATG6：ATG14 或哺乳动物：ATG34：ATG15：BECN1：ATG14L）被募集到 PAS。此外，ATG12-ATG5-ATG16 复合物定位于 PAS（酵母）或定位于膜的外表面（哺乳动物），并使 ATG8（LC3）与 PE 结合形成 ATG8-PE 复合物，促进自噬膜的伸长、闭合和自噬体的形成以及自噬体与溶酶体的融合。
