Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Plaza de la Universidad, 1, 02071, Albacete, Spain.
Faculty of Economic and Business Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Plaza de la Universidad, 1. 02071, Albacete, Spain.
Accid Anal Prev. 2020 Feb;135:105347. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105347. Epub 2019 Nov 26.
The aim of this study was to determine whether interregional inequality in Spain had the same impact on the risks of fatality and injury across the different provinces of Spain, in the period from 1999 to 2015. This allows us to map fatality and injury rates in Spanish provinces depending on their level of economic development. Provinces were divided in two large groups according to the mean weight of their per capita GDP on the national GDP from 2000 to 2015. Using fixed effects data panel models, estimations were obtained for each group of the impact of the relationships between per capita GDP, unemployment rate and other control variables on their risks of fatality and injury. The models reveal that economic conditions and education are explanatory factors with greater significance and impact on the risks of fatality and injury in provinces with higher levels of economic development. In this group, the penalty-points driving licence was found have a greater impact, although its effectiveness is now being questioned. In contrast, to reduce the risks of fatality and injury in less developed provinces, it is imperative to invest in road infrastructure, increasing the proportion of high capacity roads and investing more in road replacement and maintenance. The geographical distribution generated in this study allows us to better identify the areas with a higher risk of fatality or injury. This, in turn, confirms the need to improve the configuration of road safety policy, taking into account the different fatality or injury rates across provinces, the origins of which lie in the specific provincial conditions.
本研究旨在确定西班牙区域间不平等对 1999 年至 2015 年期间西班牙不同省份的死亡率和伤害风险是否有相同的影响。这使我们能够根据各省的经济发展水平绘制西班牙各省的死亡率和伤害率图。根据其人均 GDP 与 2000 年至 2015 年全国 GDP 的平均权重，将各省分为两个大组。使用固定效应数据面板模型，对每组人均 GDP、失业率和其他控制变量对其死亡率和伤害风险的关系的影响进行了估计。模型表明，经济条件和教育是具有更大意义和影响的解释因素，对经济发展水平较高的省份的死亡率和伤害风险有影响。在这一组中，发现记分驾驶执照的影响更大，尽管其有效性现在受到质疑。相比之下，为了降低欠发达省份的死亡率和伤害风险，必须投资于道路基础设施，增加高容量道路的比例，并更多地投资于道路更换和维护。本研究生成的地理分布使我们能够更好地识别死亡率或伤害风险较高的地区。这反过来又证实了需要根据各省的不同死亡率或伤害率，考虑到其起源于特定的省级条件，改进道路安全政策的配置。
