Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Catania University, Catania, Italy.
Expert Rev Neurother. 2020 Jan;20(1):55-63. doi: 10.1080/14737175.2020.1698950. Epub 2019 Dec 3.
: Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, characterized by the presence of multiple motor and, at least one, phonic tics, for more than one year, beginning before 18 years of age; its treatment is often a challenge for the clinician: GTS treatment requires a multidisciplinary management to treat each patient's symptom. Although individuals with GTS often have comorbid psychiatric disorders, the focus of this review will only be on the management of tics.: The authors summarized the steps that clinicians should follow treating GTS patient; the impact of the tics on a patients' life should be the first step; different patients could present different levels of tolerance to the symptoms. Second, comorbidities should be considered before starting a treatment for tic. Finally, clinicians must focus the attention of the patient and family, on the length of the treatment and the duration of time after which the effects of the drug will occur. Before the treatment, the potential side effects must be mentioned to the parents, and the choice of treatment must be made in the light of the patient's tolerance to these.
: Gilles de la Tourette 综合征(GTS)是一种神经发育障碍,其特征为存在多种运动性抽动和(至少)一种发音性抽动,且持续时间超过 1 年,发病于 18 岁之前;其治疗常常是临床医生面临的挑战:GTS 的治疗需要多学科管理,以治疗每位患者的症状。尽管 GTS 患者常合并有精神科共病,但本综述的重点仅在于抽动的治疗。: 作者总结了临床医生治疗 GTS 患者时应遵循的步骤;应首先关注抽动对患者生活的影响;不同患者对症状的耐受程度可能不同。其次,在开始针对抽动的治疗前应考虑共病。最后,临床医生必须将患者和家属的注意力集中在治疗的持续时间以及药物起效后的时间上。在治疗前,必须向家长提及潜在的副作用,并根据患者对这些副作用的耐受程度选择治疗方法。