Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Clin Transl Gastroenterol. 2019 Dec;10(12):e00103. doi: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000103.
Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) identify food as a trigger for the onset or worsening of gastrointestinal symptoms. Despite this, there is no published validated contemporaneous food and symptom diary to investigate the association between diet and IBS symptoms. The objective of this prospective observational study was to assess the construct validity of a novel food diary and symptom questionnaire, the Food and Symptom Times (FAST) diary, and the predictive validity of the food diary component with relation to fiber and fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols consumption and subsequent gastrointestinal symptoms.
Fifty-one participants with IBS completed the FAST diary and several legacy instruments. The relationship between the FAST gastroenterological symptoms and legacy instruments was examined using Spearman correlation coefficients. Further statistical analysis investigated the relationship between diet and postprandial gastrointestinal symptoms.
Consistent with a priori predictions, the FAST symptoms showed moderate correlations with the most similar Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System gastrointestinal scales (0.328-0.483, P < 0.05) and the most similar Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale questions (0.303-0.453, P < 0.05), with the exception of the weakly correlated subscale constipation for both instruments (-0.050 to -0.119, P > 0.05). The IBS-Quality of Life instrument showed moderate correlations with the FAST symptom abdominal swelling/distension (0.313-0.416, P < 0.05). The consumption of a high fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols meal was associated with participants with IBS-D experiencing abdominal bloating and participants with IBS-C not experiencing abdominal swelling (P < 0.05). The consumption of fiber was correlated with abdominal fullness and bloating in participants with IBS-C (P < 0.05).
The FAST diary validly measures gastrointestinal symptoms as they occur in people with IBS and correlates these symptoms with specific aspects of diet.
肠易激综合征（IBS）患者认为食物是胃肠道症状发作或恶化的诱因。尽管如此，目前还没有发表经过验证的同时期食物和症状日记来研究饮食与 IBS 症状之间的关系。本前瞻性观察研究的目的是评估新型食物日记和症状问卷——食物和症状时间（FAST）日记的结构效度，以及食物日记成分与纤维和可发酵的寡糖、双糖、单糖和多元醇摄入及随后的胃肠道症状之间的预测效度。
51 名 IBS 患者完成了 FAST 日记和几项传统工具。使用 Spearman 相关系数检验 FAST 胃肠道症状与传统工具之间的关系。进一步的统计分析调查了饮食与餐后胃肠道症状之间的关系。
与先验预测一致，FAST 症状与最相似的患者报告的结果测量信息系统胃肠道量表（0.328-0.483，P < 0.05）和最相似的胃肠道症状评分量表问题（0.303-0.453，P < 0.05）呈中度相关，除了两种仪器的弱相关便秘子量表（-0.050 至-0.119，P > 0.05）。IBS 生活质量量表与 FAST 症状腹部肿胀/扩张呈中度相关（0.313-0.416，P < 0.05）。高可发酵寡糖、双糖、单糖和多元醇膳食的摄入与 IBS-D 患者的腹部胀气和 IBS-C 患者的腹部肿胀无关（P < 0.05）。纤维的摄入与 IBS-C 患者的腹部饱胀和腹胀有关（P < 0.05）。
FAST 日记可有效测量 IBS 患者发生的胃肠道症状，并将这些症状与饮食的特定方面相关联。
