Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
Transl Psychiatry. 2019 Dec 11;9(1):339. doi: 10.1038/s41398-019-0670-8.
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is an understudied, debilitating disorder of women. Given evidence for prefrontal cortical and limbic dysfunction in PMDD, we compared intrinsic connectivity of the executive control network (ECN), default mode network (DMN), and amygdala in women with PMDD vs. controls.
Thirty-six women (18 PMDD, 18 control) participated in fMRI during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. At each time, resting-state functional connectivity was evaluated both before and after participants performed an emotion regulation task. The ECN was identified using independent components analysis, and connectivity of left and right amygdala seeds was also evaluated.
Nonparametric permutation testing identified a cluster in the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG) with significantly stronger connectivity to the left ECN in women with PMDD vs. controls in all four fMRI sessions. Women with PMDD exhibited no difference in functional connectivity between menstrual cycle phases. Amygdala connectivity did not differ between the groups but differed significantly with menstrual phase, with left amygdala connectivity to cingulate cortex being significantly stronger during the follicular vs. luteal phase. Right amygdala connectivity to the middle frontal gyrus was also stronger during the follicular vs. luteal phase, with no group differences. These findings suggest that women with PMDD have different intrinsic network dynamics in the left executive control network compared to healthy controls.
经前烦躁障碍（PMDD）是一种研究不足的女性致残性疾病。鉴于 PMDD 患者前额叶皮质和边缘系统功能障碍的证据，我们比较了 PMDD 患者与对照组女性执行控制网络（ECN）、默认模式网络（DMN）和杏仁核的内在连通性。
36 名女性（18 名 PMDD，18 名对照组）在月经周期的卵泡期和黄体期参与 fMRI。在每个时间点，在参与者执行情绪调节任务之前和之后，都评估了静息状态功能连接。使用独立成分分析来识别 ECN，还评估了左右杏仁核种子的连接。
非参数置换检验确定了一个在左颞中回（MTG）的聚类，在所有四个 fMRI 会话中，PMDD 女性的左侧 ECN 与左侧 ECN 的连通性明显强于对照组。PMDD 女性在月经周期各阶段的功能连接没有差异。杏仁核连接在两组之间没有差异，但与月经周期阶段明显不同，卵泡期左杏仁核与扣带回的连接明显强于黄体期。卵泡期右杏仁核与额中回的连接也强于黄体期，但组间无差异。这些发现表明，与健康对照组相比，PMDD 女性的左执行控制网络具有不同的内在网络动态。
