Unité de Physiologie des Systèmes de Régulations et des Adaptations, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Campus Universitaire, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019 Nov 15;2019:1568720. doi: 10.1155/2019/1568720. eCollection 2019.
Gastric ulcer is a painful lesion of the gastric mucosa which can be disabling, or even more very serious in the case of a perforation of the stomach and internal hemorrhage. Traditional pharmacopeias have shown the efficacy of various plant extracts in the treatment of this pathology. Some extracts from (OFI) have been proven to have medicinal therapeutic benefits. The aim of this study was to investigate the preventive and curative effects of OFI seed oil extracted by cold pressing on an ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model in rats. Gastroprotective activities of the oil were assessed as pretreatments prior to ethanol gavage of Wistar rats compared to reference drugs. Two oil dose effects were tested. Ulcer and gastric parameters were measured (ulcerated areas (mm), % of ulcer inhibition, gastric juice volume and pH, and mucus weight). Macroscopical and microscopical assessments of the stomachs as well as gastric biopsy histological studies were carried out. OFI oil exhibited a high efficiency in the protection of the cytoarchitecture and function of the gastric mucosa against the severe damages provoked by ethanol intake. Ulcerated areas were very significantly reduced and the % of ulcer inhibition was the highest under OFI oil pretreatment. Mucus production was stimulated, gastric juice volume was reduced, and its pH was increased. Histopathological examination of H&E-stained biopsies collected from gastric mucosae from the different experimental groups confirmed the gastroprotective efficacy of OFI oil against ethanol-induced symptoms such as inflammation and damages like bleeding, erosions, lesions, necrosis, and ulcers. Furthermore, OFI oil treatment speeded-up the reduction of the surface of ethanol-induced ulcerated areas in a dose-dependent manner, leading to a time gain in the healing process. The healing rate reached 91% on day 2 and 99% on day 3, and a complete heal was attained at the fourth day under OFI oil treatment, while ulcer areas were still partially unhealed in all the other groups. The therapeutic effects of OFI oil against gastric ulcer could be mediated by its varied bioactive compounds that we have demonstrated in the analytical study. They could act synergistically or in a delayed manner to optimize the healing process through protective antioxidant properties, as well as an antagonism against histamine H-receptors, a stimulation of the signaling pathways necessary for mucus and bicarbonate production, and reduction of inflammatory processes in the gastric mucosa. Additionally, OFI oil fatty acids (especially unsaturated) and triacylglycerols contribute to the reconstruction and the repair of the cell membrane lipid bilayer during the gastric ulcer healing process.
胃溃疡是一种胃黏膜的疼痛性病变，可能会导致身体不适，甚至在胃穿孔和内出血的情况下更加严重。传统的药典已经证明了各种植物提取物在治疗这种病理学方面的疗效。一些（OFI）提取物已被证明具有药用治疗益处。本研究旨在研究冷榨 OFI 籽油对乙醇诱导的大鼠胃溃疡模型的预防和治疗作用。将油作为预处理物在给 Wistar 大鼠灌胃乙醇之前进行评估，与参考药物进行比较。测试了两种油剂量的效果。测量了溃疡和胃参数（溃疡面积（mm）、溃疡抑制率%、胃液量和 pH 值以及黏液重量）。对胃进行了宏观和微观评估以及胃活检组织学研究。OFI 油在保护胃黏膜的细胞结构和功能方面表现出很高的效率，可防止乙醇摄入引起的严重损伤。溃疡面积显著减少，OFI 油预处理的溃疡抑制率最高。黏液生成受到刺激，胃液量减少，pH 值增加。对不同实验组胃黏膜 H&E 染色活检的组织学检查证实了 OFI 油对乙醇引起的炎症和损伤（如出血、侵蚀、病变、坏死和溃疡）的胃保护作用。此外，OFI 油治疗以剂量依赖的方式加速了乙醇诱导的溃疡面积的减少，从而在愈合过程中节省了时间。在 OFI 油治疗下，第 2 天的愈合率达到 91%，第 3 天达到 99%，第 4 天完全愈合，而在所有其他组中，溃疡面积仍部分未愈合。OFI 油对胃溃疡的治疗作用可能与其在分析研究中所证明的各种生物活性化合物有关。它们可能通过抗氧化保护特性、拮抗组胺 H 受体、刺激产生黏液和碳酸氢盐所需的信号通路以及减少胃黏膜中的炎症过程而协同或延迟发挥作用，从而优化愈合过程。此外，OFI 油的脂肪酸（特别是不饱和脂肪酸）和三酰基甘油有助于在胃溃疡愈合过程中重建和修复细胞膜脂质双层。
