Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, QLD, Australia.
School of Community Health, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW, Australia.
J Occup Health. 2020 Jan;62(1):e12103. doi: 10.1002/1348-9585.12103. Epub 2019 Dec 11.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disorder which affects the joints. As relationships between occupational factors and lower limb OA have been widely studied in systematic reviews, the aim of this umbrella review was to synthesize their key findings in the risk factors for development of lower limb OA.
A systematic search was conducted using the databases PUBMED, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Elton B Stevens Company to identify reviews examining associations between lower limb OA and occupational tasks. These reviews were rated for their methodological quality before key data were extracted and synthesized.
Sixteen reviews were found, seven pertained to the knee, four to the hip, two to a variety of joints, and three to both the hip and knee. One was deemed to be of high methodological quality, one of critically low methodological quality, and the others of moderate methodological quality. The reviews found moderate to good evidence for heavy occupational lifting to be associated with an increased risk of OA at the knee and the hip. Kneeling, squatting, and climbing, previous injuries to joints, being overweight and obese were also predictive of lower limb OA.
Occupations which involve heavy physical workloads increase the risk of developing lower limb OA. Heavy lifting, squatting, knee bending, kneeling, and climbing may all increase the risk of developing OA in both the knees and hips. Efforts to reduce exposure to these tasks, reducing joint injuries, optimizing bodyweight may reduce the risks of lower limb OA for occupations which are physically demanding.
骨关节炎（OA）是一种常见的关节疾病。由于职业因素与下肢 OA 之间的关系已在系统评价中广泛研究，本伞式综述的目的是综合其在下肢 OA 发病风险因素方面的关键发现。
使用 PUBMED、Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature 和 Elton B. Stevens Company 数据库进行系统搜索，以确定审查下肢 OA 与职业任务之间关联的综述。在提取和综合关键数据之前，对这些综述进行了方法学质量评估。
共发现 16 篇综述，其中 7 篇涉及膝关节，4 篇涉及髋关节，2 篇涉及多种关节，3 篇涉及髋关节和膝关节。其中一篇被认为具有较高的方法学质量，一篇具有极低的方法学质量，其余的具有中等的方法学质量。这些综述发现，从事繁重的职业举重与膝关节和髋关节 OA 风险增加之间存在中度至良好的证据。跪着、深蹲、攀爬、关节既往受伤、超重和肥胖也是下肢 OA 的预测因素。
涉及繁重体力劳动的职业会增加下肢 OA 的发病风险。举重、深蹲、膝盖弯曲、跪着和攀爬都可能增加膝盖和臀部 OA 的发病风险。减少接触这些任务、减少关节损伤、优化体重可能会降低对体力要求较高的职业中下肢 OA 的风险。
