Manchester Metropolitan University, Department of Psychology, 53 Bonsall Street, Manchester M15 6GX, United Kingdom.
Manchester Metropolitan University, Department of Psychology, 53 Bonsall Street, Manchester M15 6GX, United Kingdom.
Conscious Cogn. 2020 Jan;77:102858. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2019.102858. Epub 2019 Dec 11.
Two experiments investigated the effect of eye-closure on visual and auditory memory under conditions based on the retrieval of item-specific information. Experiment 1 investigated visual recognition memory for studied, perceptually similar and unrelated items. It was found that intermittent eye-closure increased memory for studied items and decreased memory for related items. This finding was reflected by enhanced item-specific and reduced gist memory. Experiment 2 used the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm to assess auditory recognition memory for studied, related and unrelated words that had (vs. had not) been accompanied by pictures during encoding. Pictures but not eye-closure produced a picture superiority effect by enhancing memory for studied items. False memory was reduced by pictures but not eye-closure. Methodological and theoretical considerations are discussed in relation to existing explanations of eye-closure and retrieval strategies.
两项实验研究了在基于项目特定信息检索的条件下，闭眼睛对视觉和听觉记忆的影响。实验 1 研究了对学习过的、知觉相似的和不相关的项目的视觉识别记忆。结果发现，间歇性闭眼睛增加了对学习过的项目的记忆，减少了对相关项目的记忆。这一发现反映在增强的项目特异性和减少的概要记忆上。实验 2 使用 Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM)范式评估对学习过的、相关的和不相关的单词的听觉识别记忆，这些单词在编码时（有/没有）伴有图片。图片而不是闭眼睛产生了图片优势效应，增强了对学习过的项目的记忆。图片而不是闭眼睛减少了虚假记忆。本文从现有的闭眼睛和检索策略的解释角度讨论了方法学和理论方面的考虑。
