URAFPA, Unité de Recherche Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux, Université de Lorraine, INRA, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, F-54500, Nancy, France.
LHN, Laboratoire d'Hydrologie de Nancy, ANSES, 40 Rue Lionnois, 54000, Nancy, France.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Feb;27(6):6228-6238. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-07195-3. Epub 2019 Dec 21.
Fishponds are man-made shallow water bodies that are still little studied because of their small size. They represent high value ecosystems, both environmentally (biodiversity hotspot) and economically (fish production). They can have a high place on the hydrographic network, so their influence on water quality is of first importance for rivers and water bodies located downstream and monitored under the Water Framework Directive. These small water bodies can be a source of contaminants during draining period or an efficient buffer for pesticides. We wanted to evaluate whether these ponds could also be a remediation tool against metals by following the annual evolution of upstream/downstream flows. Cadmium, copper, lead and zinc concentrations were quantified in the dissolved phase upstream and downstream of three ponds, each one having a specific agricultural environment (traditional or organic). Metal concentration was quantified in sediments and water. For the dissolved phase, the predictive non-effect concentration was often exceeded, suggesting an environmental risk. Results highlighted also greater quantity of metals at the downstream of the pond compared to the upstream, suggesting remobilization into the ponds or direct cross-sectional contributions from the watershed (e.g. runoff from crops) or even remobilization. Regarding sediments, minimal contamination was shown but a high mineralogical variability. No buffer effect of ponds, which could reduce the risk of acute or chronic toxicity, was detected.
鱼塘是人为的浅水水体，由于其规模较小，因此仍很少被研究。它们具有很高的生态系统价值，无论是在环境方面（生物多样性热点）还是在经济方面（鱼类生产）。它们在水文网络中占有重要地位，因此其对水质的影响对于位于下游的河流和受水框架指令监测的水体非常重要。这些小型水体在排水期间可能是污染物的来源，或者在农药方面是有效的缓冲物。我们想通过跟踪三个池塘的上下游流量的年度变化，来评估这些池塘是否也可以成为一种修复金属污染的工具。在三个池塘的上下游，我们定量测定了溶解相中镉、铜、铅和锌的浓度，每个池塘都有特定的农业环境（传统或有机）。金属浓度在沉积物和水中进行了定量测定。对于溶解相，预测无效应浓度经常超标，表明存在环境风险。结果还突出显示，与上游相比，池塘下游的金属数量更多，这表明金属被重新迁移到池塘中，或者直接来自流域的横截面贡献（例如，来自作物的径流），甚至是重新迁移。关于沉积物，虽然显示出最小的污染程度，但矿物学的变异性很高。没有检测到池塘的缓冲作用，这可能会降低急性或慢性毒性的风险。
