GreenUPorto - Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre, Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
GreenUPorto - Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre, Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
Environ Pollut. 2020 Mar;258:113762. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113762. Epub 2019 Dec 9.
One emerging problem that recently has become a vastly acknowledged topic of concern is the environmental contamination by pharmaceuticals. Diclofenac (DCF) is one of the most common pharmaceuticals found, due to its high utilization and low removal rate in wastewater treatment processes. In this work, Solanum lycopersicum L. was used as a model to unravel how DCF contamination can affect crops, focusing on the internal mechanisms triggered by this exposure. For this purpose, plants were exposed to two different DCF concentrations (0.5 mg L and 5 mg L). Results obtained here point towards a loss of shoot performance when plants were exposed to very high concentrations of DCF, but no delay or loss of yield in the flowering and fruit stages were ascribed to DCF contamination. Our data shows that a state of oxidative stress due to high reactive oxygen species accumulation was associated with this contamination, with very high DCF levels leading to a rise of lipid peroxidation, possibly accentuated by the inhibition of ROS-scavenging enzymes and unable to be counteracted by the visible upregulation of proline and the thiol-based redox network. Overall, these results allow to infer that in the current environmental context, no noticeable negative effects should be associated with the presence of DCF in soils where this crop is cultivated. However, the oxidative stress and lower biomass associated with the highest concentration are alarming, since DCF levels in the environment are continuously increasing and further measures are necessary to assess this problematic.
一个新兴的问题最近引起了广泛关注，那就是药物对环境的污染。双氯芬酸（DCF）是最常见的药物之一，由于其在废水处理过程中的高利用率和低去除率。在这项工作中，番茄（Solanum lycopersicum L.）被用作模型来揭示 DCF 污染如何影响作物，重点研究这种暴露引发的内部机制。为此，植物分别暴露于两种不同浓度的 DCF（0.5mg/L 和 5mg/L）。结果表明，当植物暴露于高浓度的 DCF 时，其地上部分的性能会下降，但开花和结果阶段的延迟或减产并未归因于 DCF 污染。我们的数据表明，由于活性氧（ROS）积累引起的氧化应激状态与这种污染有关，非常高的 DCF 水平会导致脂质过氧化增加，这可能是由于 ROS 清除酶的抑制作用而加剧，并且无法通过脯氨酸和基于硫醇的氧化还原网络的可见上调来抵消。总的来说，这些结果表明，在当前的环境背景下，在种植这种作物的土壤中存在 DCF 不应该与明显的负面效应联系在一起。然而，与最高浓度相关的氧化应激和较低的生物量令人担忧，因为环境中 DCF 的水平在不断增加，需要采取进一步的措施来评估这个问题。
