Laboratorio de Biología Acuática, Departamento Académico de Biología, Av. Alcides Carrión, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín (UNSA), Arequipa, Peru.
Coordinación de Investigación, Universidad Continental, Avenida Los Incas s/n, Arequipa, Peru.
Braz J Microbiol. 2020 Mar;51(1):271-278. doi: 10.1007/s42770-019-00209-9. Epub 2019 Dec 21.
The tannery is an important trade in various Peruvian regions; however, tannery effluents are a serious local environmental threat due to its highly toxics components and lack of efficient treatment. The untreated effluents produced by tannery factories in Arequipa Rio Seco Industrial Park (PIRS) have formed a lake in the region nearby. In this work, we study the capability of filamentous fungi species found in this effluents lake with potential for chromium (VI) bioremediation. Fourteen species of filamentous fungi were isolated; only two species were identified Penicillium citrinum and Trichoderma viride, and third strain identified as Penicillium sp. The filamentous fungi showed that are fully tolerant to chromium (VI) concentrations up to 100 mg/L. These fungal strains showed significant growth in chromium (VI) concentrations up to 250 mg/L. Tolerant index (TI) analysis revealed that P. citrinum and T. viride began adaptation to chromium (IV) concentrations of 250 and 500 mg/L, after 6 and 12 days, respectively. When exposed to higher Cr (VI) concentrations (1000 mg/L), only T. viride was able to show growth (enhance phase). Interestingly, one of the significant responses from these fungal strains to increasing chromium (VI) concentrations was an increment in secreted laccase enzymes. Our results show tolerance and adaptation to elevated concentrations of chromium (VI) of these fungal strains suggesting their potential as effective agents for bioremediation of tannery effluents.
制革厂是秘鲁各个地区的重要行业；然而，由于其含有高毒性成分且缺乏有效处理，制革废水对当地环境构成了严重威胁。阿雷基帕里奥塞科工业区（PIRS）制革厂未处理的废水在该地区形成了一个湖泊。在这项工作中，我们研究了在该废湖中发现的丝状真菌物种对六价铬生物修复的潜在能力。从该废湖中分离出了 14 种丝状真菌，仅鉴定出两种，即桔青霉和绿色木霉，第三种菌株鉴定为青霉属。丝状真菌表现出对六价铬浓度高达 100mg/L 的完全耐受性。这些真菌菌株在高达 250mg/L 的六价铬浓度下显示出显著的生长。耐铬指数（TI）分析表明，桔青霉和绿色木霉分别在 6 天和 12 天后开始适应 250 和 500mg/L 的铬（IV）浓度。当暴露于更高的 Cr(VI)浓度（1000mg/L）时，只有绿色木霉能够表现出生长（增强阶段）。有趣的是，这些真菌菌株对不断增加的六价铬浓度的一个显著反应是分泌漆酶酶的增加。我们的结果表明，这些真菌菌株对高浓度六价铬具有耐受性和适应性，表明它们具有作为制革废水生物修复有效剂的潜力。
