Bukhari Sara T, Alhasan Hussain A, Qari Majd T, Sabbagh Heba J, Farsi Najat M
King Fahad General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Al Bahah, Saudi Arabia.
King Faisal General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Hufof, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2022 Dec 31;18(4):696-710. doi: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2022.12.011. eCollection 2023 Aug.
Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a growing global concern. Herein, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and associated factors/risk factors of MIH in the Middle East (ME).
This systematic review and meta-analysis included studies on children with at least one first permanent molar affected by MIH, aged 5-18 years, without syndromes or congenital anomalies, and residing in the ME and included cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies. Keywords related to MIH and ME countries were systematically searched until January 10, 2021 in four databases, PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and the Cochrane Library, following the specified eligibility criteria. The Joanna Briggs Institute quality assessment tool was used to evaluate all included studies. Meta-analyses were conducted to assess the effect of risk factors. The study protocol was registered on the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (Registration No. 247391).
After screening 4,373 documents, 29 eligible studies with a total of 32,636 children aged 7-12 years were included from 11 countries. The frequency of MIH reported in the ME ranged from 2.3% to 40.7%, with a mean prevalence of 15.05%. Pregnancy and early childhood illnesses (odds ratio [OR]: 2.26, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.91-2.68; P < 0.001) and factors related to delivery (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.55-3.72; P < 0.001) were statically significantly associated with MIH.
The mean prevalence of MIH in ME aligns with the global MIH prevalence rate. Illnesses and delivery complications are risk factors that could be controlled to prevent MIH. As included studies showed high heterogeneity in the meta-analyses, further evidence from the ME is needed to assess the prevalence and other associated environmental risk factors for MIH.
磨牙切牙矿化不全（MIH）是一个日益受到全球关注的问题。在此，我们对中东地区（ME）MIH的患病率及相关因素/风险因素进行了系统评价和荟萃分析。
本系统评价和荟萃分析纳入了年龄在5-18岁、无综合征或先天性异常、居住在中东地区且至少有一颗第一恒磨牙受MIH影响的儿童研究，包括横断面研究、病例对照研究和队列研究。按照指定的纳入标准，在四个数据库（PubMed、谷歌学术、科学Direct和Cochrane图书馆）中系统检索与MIH和中东国家相关的关键词，检索截至2021年1月10日。使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所质量评估工具对所有纳入研究进行评估。进行荟萃分析以评估风险因素的影响。该研究方案已在国际前瞻性系统评价注册库PROSPERO上注册（注册号247391）。
在筛选了4373篇文献后，从11个国家纳入了29项符合条件的研究，共32636名7-12岁儿童。中东地区报告的MIH发生率在2.3%至40.7%之间，平均患病率为15.05%。妊娠和幼儿期疾病（比值比[OR]：2.26，95%置信区间[CI]：1.91-2.68；P<0.001）以及与分娩相关的因素（OR：2.4，95%CI：1.55-3.72；P<0.001）与MIH在统计学上显著相关。
中东地区MIH的平均患病率与全球MIH患病率一致。疾病和分娩并发症是可以控制以预防MIH的风险因素。由于纳入研究在荟萃分析中显示出高度异质性，因此需要中东地区的进一步证据来评估MIH的患病率和其他相关环境风险因素。
