L. Varpio is professor and associate director of research, Graduate Programs in Health Professions Education, Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1412-4341. A. MacLeod is professor of continuing professional development and medical education, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Acad Med. 2020 May;95(5):686-689. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000003142.
Health professions education (HPE) researchers come from many different academic traditions, from psychology to engineering to rhetoric. Trained in these traditions, HPE researchers engage in science and the building of new knowledge from different paradigmatic orientations. Collaborating across these traditions is particularly generative, a phenomenon the authors call the multidisciplinary edge effect. However, to harness this productivity, scholars need to understand their own paradigms and those of others so that collaboration can flourish. This Invited Commentary introduces the Philosophy of Science series-a collection of articles that introduce readers to 7 different paradigms that are frequently used in HPE research or that the authors suggest will be increasingly common in future studies. Each article in the collection presents a concise and accessible description of the main principles of a paradigm so that researchers can quickly grasp how these traditions differ from each other. In this introductory article, the authors define and illustrate key terms that are essential to understanding these traditions (i.e., paradigm, ontology, epistemology, methodology, and axiology) and explain the structure that each article in this series follows.
健康职业教育（HPE）研究人员来自许多不同的学术传统，包括心理学、工程学和修辞学。HPE 研究人员接受这些传统的培训，从不同的范式取向从事科学和新知识的构建。跨这些传统进行合作特别具有创造性，作者称之为多学科边缘效应。然而，要利用这种生产力，学者们需要了解自己的范式和他人的范式，以便合作能够蓬勃发展。本特邀评论介绍了科学哲学系列——一组文章，向读者介绍了在 HPE 研究中经常使用的 7 种范式，或者作者认为在未来的研究中会越来越常见的范式。该系列中的每一篇文章都对一个范式的主要原则进行了简洁易懂的描述，以便研究人员能够快速掌握这些传统之间的差异。在这篇介绍性文章中，作者定义并说明了理解这些传统的关键术语（即范式、本体论、认识论、方法论和价值论），并解释了本系列中每篇文章遵循的结构。
