Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
Department of Pediatrics, Mercy Hospital, Springfield, Miami.
Am J Perinatol. 2021 Jul;38(8):773-778. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-3401850. Epub 2019 Dec 30.
This study evaluates the effect of admission characteristics of uncomplicated moderate to late preterm infants on timing of discharge. One of the first questions that families of infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) ask is, "When is my baby going home?" Moderate to late preterm infants are the largest cohort of NICU patients but little data exist about their length of stay (LOS).
A retrospective electronic chart review was completed on 12,498 infants admitted to our NICU between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2015. All inborn infants with a gestational age between 32 and 36 weeks were studied.
A total of 3,240 infants met our inclusion criteria. The mean postmenstrual age at discharge was 36 weeks. Infants who were small for gestational age were significantly more likely to have an increased LOS. Infants born between 34 and 36 weeks had a significantly increased LOS if they had respiratory distress syndrome. Admission diagnoses of neonatal abstinence syndrome, meconium aspiration syndrome, hydrops, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, biliary emesis, ABO incompatibly, and a genetic diagnosis all had increased LOS for all late preterm infants.
For uncomplicated moderate to late preterm infants, clinicians can counsel families that their infants will likely be discharged at 36 weeks of postmenstrual age. Small for gestational age infants and those with specific diagnoses may stay longer.
本研究评估了无并发症的中晚期早产儿入院特征对出院时间的影响。新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）收治的婴儿的家长首先会问的一个问题是，“我的宝宝什么时候回家？”中晚期早产儿是 NICU 患者中最大的群体，但关于他们的住院时间（LOS）的数据很少。
对 2009 年 1 月 1 日至 2015 年 12 月 31 日期间入住我们 NICU 的 12498 名婴儿进行了回顾性电子病历审查。所有胎龄在 32 至 36 周之间的宫内婴儿均纳入研究。
共有 3240 名婴儿符合我们的纳入标准。出院时的平均孕龄为 36 周。小于胎龄儿的 LOS 明显更长。胎龄在 34 至 36 周之间的婴儿，如果患有呼吸窘迫综合征，其 LOS 明显增加。新生儿戒断综合征、胎粪吸入综合征、水肿、缺氧缺血性脑病、胆汁呕吐、ABO 不相容和遗传诊断的入院诊断均使所有晚期早产儿的 LOS 延长。
对于无并发症的中晚期早产儿，临床医生可以告知家长，他们的婴儿可能会在 36 周的孕龄时出院。小于胎龄的婴儿和有特定诊断的婴儿可能会住院时间更长。
