Vorobev Aleksey Yu, Moskalensky Alexander E
N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, 9 Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
Comput Struct Biotechnol J. 2019 Nov 30;18:27-34. doi: 10.1016/j.csbj.2019.11.007. eCollection 2020.
Photoremovable protective groups (PPGs) and related "caged" compounds have been recognized as a powerful tool in an arsenal of life science methods. The present review is focused on recent advances in design of "caged" compounds which function in red or near-infrared region. The naive comparison of photon energy with that of organic bond leads to the illusion that long-wavelength activation is possible only for weak chemical bonds like N-N. However, there are different means to overcome this threshold and shift the uncaging functionality into red or near-infrared regions for general organic bonds. We overview these strategies, including the novel photochemical and photophysical mechanisms used in newly developed PPGs, singlet-oxygen-mediated photolysis, and two-photon absorption. Recent advances in science places the infrared-sensitive PPGs to the same usability level as traditional ones, facilitating application of caged compounds.
光可去除保护基团（PPGs）及相关的“笼形”化合物已被公认为生命科学方法宝库中的一种强大工具。本综述聚焦于在红色或近红外区域发挥作用的“笼形”化合物设计方面的最新进展。将光子能量与有机键的能量进行简单比较会产生一种错觉，即长波长激活仅适用于像N-N这样的弱化学键。然而，有多种方法可以克服这一阈值，并将脱笼功能转移到红色或近红外区域以用于一般有机键。我们概述了这些策略，包括新开发的PPGs中使用的新型光化学和光物理机制、单线态氧介导的光解以及双光子吸收。科学上的最新进展使红外敏感型PPGs达到了与传统PPGs相同的可用性水平，促进了笼形化合物的应用。
