女性性激素与感染之间相互作用的复杂性。
The complexity of interactions between female sex hormones and infections.
作者信息
Berry Amy, Hall Jennifer V
机构信息
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN.
Center for Infectious Disease, Inflammation and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN.
出版信息
Curr Clin Microbiol Rep. 2019 Jun;6(2):67-75. doi: 10.1007/s40588-019-00116-5. Epub 2019 May 11.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
This review focuses specifically on the mechanisms by which female sex hormones, estrogen and progesterone, affect infections and .
RECENT FINDINGS
Recent data support previous work indicating that estrogen enhances chlamydial development via multiple mechanisms. Progesterone negatively impacts infections also through multiple mechanisms, particularly by altering the immune response. Conflicting data exist regarding the effect of synthetic hormones, such as those found in hormonal contraceptives, on chlamydial infections.
SUMMARY
Numerous studies over the years have indicated that female sex hormones affect infection. However, we still do not have a clear understanding of how these hormones alter disease transmission and progression. The studies reviewed here indicate that there are many variables that determine the outcome of /hormone interactions, including: 1) the specific hormone, 2) hormone concentration, 3) cell type or area of the genital tract, 4) hormone responsiveness of cell lines, and 5) animal models.
综述目的
本综述特别关注雌激素和孕激素这两种女性性激素影响感染的机制。
最新发现
近期数据支持先前的研究工作，表明雌激素通过多种机制促进衣原体发育。孕激素也通过多种机制对感染产生负面影响，尤其是通过改变免疫反应。关于合成激素（如激素避孕药中的激素）对衣原体感染的影响，存在相互矛盾的数据。
总结
多年来的大量研究表明，女性性激素会影响感染。然而，我们仍不清楚这些激素如何改变疾病的传播和进展。此处综述的研究表明，有许多变量决定了感染/激素相互作用的结果，包括：1）特定激素；2）激素浓度；3）细胞类型或生殖道区域；4）细胞系的激素反应性；5）动物模型。
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