Division of Eye and Vision, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2020 Mar;77(5):819-833. doi: 10.1007/s00018-019-03422-9. Epub 2019 Dec 31.
Understanding the mechanisms that underlie age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has led to the identification of key molecules. Hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs) have been associated with choroidal neovascularization and the progression of AMD into the neovascular clinical phenotype (nAMD). HIFs regulate the expression of multiple growth factors and cytokines involved in angiogenesis and inflammation, hallmarks of nAMD. This knowledge has propelled the development of a new group of therapeutic strategies focused on gene therapy. The present review provides an update on current gene therapies in ocular angiogenesis, particularly nAMD, from both basic and clinical perspectives.
了解年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）的发病机制导致了关键分子的鉴定。缺氧诱导转录因子（HIFs）与脉络膜新生血管形成和 AMD 向新生血管性临床表型（nAMD）进展有关。HIF 调节多种生长因子和细胞因子的表达，这些因子参与血管生成和炎症，这是 nAMD 的标志。这一知识推动了一组新的治疗策略的发展，这些策略侧重于基因治疗。本综述从基础和临床两个方面介绍了当前眼部血管生成，特别是 nAMD 的基因治疗。
