Institute of Biopharmaceuticals, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China.
Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2020 Jan 2;36(1):13. doi: 10.1007/s11274-019-2789-4.
Streptomyces is famous for its capability to produce the most abundant antibiotics in all kingdoms. All Streptomyces antibiotics are natural products, whose biosynthesis from the so-called gene clusters are elaborately regulated by pyramidal transcriptional regulatory cascades. In the past decades, scientists have striven to unveil the regulatory mechanisms involved in antibiotic production in Streptomyces. Here we mainly focus on three aspects of the regulation on antibiotic production. 1. The onset of antibiotic production triggered by hormones and their coupled receptors as regulators; 2. The cascades of global and pathway-specific regulators governing antibiotic production; 3. The feedback regulation of antibiotics and/or intermediates on the gene cluster expression for their coordinated production. This review will summarize how the antibiotic production is stringently regulated in Streptomyces based on the signaling, and lay a theoretical foundation for improvement of antibiotic production and potentially drug discovery.
链霉菌以其产生所有生物界中最丰富抗生素的能力而闻名。所有链霉菌抗生素都是天然产物，其生物合成由所谓的基因簇通过金字塔式的转录调控级联来精细调控。在过去的几十年中，科学家们一直在努力揭示链霉菌中抗生素产生所涉及的调控机制。在这里，我们主要关注三个方面的抗生素产生调控：1. 激素及其偶联受体作为调节剂触发抗生素产生的起始；2. 调控抗生素产生的全局和途径特异性调节剂级联；3. 抗生素和/或中间产物对基因簇表达的反馈调节，以协调其产生。本综述将总结链霉菌中抗生素产生是如何基于信号严格调控的，并为提高抗生素产量和潜在药物发现奠定理论基础。
