School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
Nutrients. 2019 Dec 30;12(1):103. doi: 10.3390/nu12010103.
Djulis is a functional grain containing prebiotic dietary fiber, which has an anti-cancer potential. This study examined the preventive effect of djulis alone or in combination with on colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Rats were divided into five groups and fed B (AIN-93G, blank), C (AIN-93G, control), D (10% djulis), DLA (10% djulis plus 5 × 10 cfu /g), and DHA (10% djulis plus 5 × 10 cfu /g) diets, respectively. All rats except for those in group B received three doses of DMH (40 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection and 3% DSS in drinking water. After 10 weeks of feeding, the colon was analyzed for precancerous lesions and biomarkers. DMH and DSS treatment induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF), especially in the distal colon. D, DLA, and DHA significantly reduced the numbers of total ACF, sialomucin-producing ACF (SIM-ACF), and mucin-depleted foci (MDF) in the distal colon compared to C. Additionally, DLA and DHA further downregulated the expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and regulated apoptosis-related proteins. These results suggest that synbiotic combination of djulis and shows the best inhibitory effect on colon carcinogenesis via regulation of proliferative, inflammatory, and apoptotic pathways.
德乌鲁斯是一种功能性谷物，含有益生元膳食纤维，具有抗癌潜力。本研究探讨了德乌鲁斯单独或与益生菌联合应用对 1,2-二甲基肼（DMH）和葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）诱导的结肠癌的预防作用。大鼠分为五组，分别给予 B（AIN-93G，空白）、C（AIN-93G，对照）、D（10%德乌鲁斯）、DLA（10%德乌鲁斯加 5×10cfu/g）和 DHA（10%德乌鲁斯加 5×10cfu/g）饮食。除 B 组外，所有大鼠均接受腹腔注射 3 次 DMH（40mg/kg）和饮用水中 3% DSS。喂养 10 周后，分析结肠癌前病变和生物标志物。DMH 和 DSS 处理诱导异常隐窝病灶（ACF），尤其是在远端结肠。D、DLA 和 DHA 与 C 相比，显著减少了远端结肠总 ACF、唾液酸粘蛋白产生 ACF（SIM-ACF）和粘蛋白耗竭病灶（MDF）的数量。此外，DLA 和 DHA 进一步下调了增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）和环氧化酶-2（COX-2）的表达，并调节了凋亡相关蛋白。这些结果表明，德乌鲁斯和益生菌的联合应用通过调节增殖、炎症和凋亡途径，对结肠癌发生具有最佳的抑制作用。
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