Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultades de Veterinaria y de Biología, Universidad de León, 24007, León, Spain.
Environ Microbiol. 2020 Apr;22(4):1174-1192. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.14912. Epub 2020 Jan 14.
Biogenic amines (BAs; 2-phenylethylamine, tyramine, dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, octopamine, histamine, tryptamine, serotonin, agmatine, cadaverine, putrescine, spermidine, spermine and certain aliphatic amines) are widely distributed organic molecules that play basic physiological functions in animals, plants and microorganisms. Pseudomonas species can grow in media containing different BAs as carbon and energy sources, a reason why these bacteria are excellent models for studying such catabolic pathways. In this review, we analyse most of the routes used by different species of Pseudomonas (P. putida, P. aeruginosa, P. entomophila and P. fluorescens) to degrade BAs. Analysis of these pathways has led to the identification of a huge number of genes, catabolic enzymes, transport systems and regulators, as well as to understanding of their hierarchy and functional evolution. Knowledge of these pathways has allowed the design and collection of genetically manipulated microbes useful for eliminating BAs from different sources, highlighting the biotechnological applications of these studies.
生物胺（BAs；2-苯乙胺、酪胺、多巴胺、肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素、章鱼胺、组胺、色胺、血清素、胍丁胺、尸胺、腐胺、亚精胺、精胺和某些脂肪族胺）是广泛分布的有机分子，在动物、植物和微生物中发挥基本的生理功能。假单胞菌属可以在含有不同 BAs 的培养基中生长，作为碳和能源来源，这也是这些细菌成为研究这种代谢途径的优秀模型的原因。在这篇综述中，我们分析了不同种假单胞菌（恶臭假单胞菌、铜绿假单胞菌、食虫假单胞菌和荧光假单胞菌）用来降解 BAs 的大多数途径。对这些途径的分析导致了大量基因、代谢酶、运输系统和调节剂的鉴定，以及对它们的层次结构和功能进化的理解。对这些途径的了解使得设计和收集用于从不同来源消除 BAs 的遗传修饰微生物成为可能，突出了这些研究的生物技术应用。
