He Yi, Zhou Kaiyue, Wu Zhemin, Li Boxiu, Fu Junliang, Lin Chinho, Jiang Dean
State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2019 Dec 13;10:1569. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01569. eCollection 2019.
Stomata control gas exchange and water transpiration and are one of the most important physiological apparatuses in higher plants. The regulation of stomatal aperture is closely coordinated with photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, plant growth, development, and so on. With advances in scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution images of plant stomata and cell surfaces can be obtained from detached plant tissues. However, this method does not allow for rapid analysis of the dynamic variation of plant stomata and cell surfaces under nondestructive conditions. In this study, we demonstrated a novel plant surface impression technique (PSIT, Silagum-Light as correction impression material based on A-silicones for all two-phase impression techniques) that allows for precise analysis of plant stomata aperture and cell surfaces. Using this method, we successfully monitored the dynamic variation of stomata and observed the nanoscale microstructure of soybean leaf trichomes and dragonfly wings. Additionally, compared with the analytical precision and the time used for preparing the observation samples between PSIT and traditional SEM, the results suggested that the analytical precision of PSIT was the same to traditional SEM, but the PSIT was more easy to operate. Thus, our results indicated that PSIT can be widely applied to the plant science field.
气孔控制气体交换和水分蒸腾，是高等植物最重要的生理器官之一。气孔孔径的调节与光合作用、养分吸收、植物生长发育等密切相关。随着扫描电子显微镜（SEM）技术的进步，可以从离体植物组织中获得植物气孔和细胞表面的高分辨率图像。然而，这种方法无法在无损条件下对植物气孔和细胞表面的动态变化进行快速分析。在本研究中，我们展示了一种新型的植物表面压印技术（PSIT，基于A-硅酮的Silagum-Light作为用于所有两相压印技术的校正压印材料），该技术能够精确分析植物气孔孔径和细胞表面。使用这种方法，我们成功监测了气孔的动态变化，并观察到了大豆叶片毛状体和蜻蜓翅膀的纳米级微观结构。此外，通过比较PSIT与传统SEM在分析精度和制备观察样品所用时间方面的差异，结果表明PSIT的分析精度与传统SEM相同，但PSIT操作更简便。因此，我们的结果表明PSIT可广泛应用于植物科学领域。
