Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, United States.
Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2020 Jun;148:106408. doi: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2020.106408. Epub 2020 Jan 10.
The cyclopentenone prostaglandins (CyPGs) are a small group compounds that are a subset of the eicosanoid superfamily, which are metabolites of arachidonic acid as well as other polyunsaturated fatty acids. The CyPGs are defined by a structural feature, namely, a five-membered carbocyclic ring containing an alfa-beta unsaturated keto group. The two most studied members are PGA and 15d-PGJ (15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J); other less studied members are PGA, Δ-PGJ, and PGJ. They are involved in a number of biological activities including the ability to resolve chronic inflammation and the growth and survival of cells, particularly those of cancerous or neurological origin. Also, they can activate the prostaglandin DP2 receptor as well as the ligand-dependent transcription factor PPAR-gamma. Their ability to promote the resolution of chronic inflammation makes it of particular interest to have a good understanding of their actions. Since their discovery, the literature on the CyPGs has greatly expanded both in size and in scope; these reports are covered in the current review.
环戊烯酮前列腺素（CyPGs）是一小类化合物，属于类二十烷酸超家族的一个亚类，是花生四烯酸和其他多不饱和脂肪酸的代谢产物。CyPGs 的结构特征是含有一个五元碳环和一个阿尔法-贝塔不饱和酮基。研究最多的两种成员是 PGA 和 15d-PGJ（15-脱氧-Δ12,14-前列腺素 J）；其他研究较少的成员包括 PGA、Δ-PGJ 和 PGJ。它们参与了许多生物活性，包括解决慢性炎症以及细胞的生长和存活的能力，特别是那些癌性或神经源性的细胞。此外，它们可以激活前列腺素 DP2 受体以及配体依赖性转录因子 PPAR-γ。它们促进慢性炎症解决的能力使得深入了解它们的作用变得特别有趣。自发现以来，CyPGs 的文献在数量和范围上都有了很大的扩展；本综述涵盖了这些报告。
