2011-2017 年韩国儿童手足口病的流行病学特征及时空分析。
The epidemiological characteristics and spatio-temporal analysis of childhood hand, foot and mouth disease in Korea, 2011-2017.
机构信息
Department of Public Health, Korea University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea.
Division of Strategic Planning for Emerging Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2020 Jan 13;15(1):e0227803. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227803. eCollection 2020.
OBJECTIVES
Hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) is a common viral infection in children, with a significant disease burden due to its high contagion rate. This report studied the epidemiological characteristics as well as the chronological and geographical distribution of HFMD in children younger than 6 years of age in Korea.
METHODS
This report established a database by integrating population and geographical data from health insurance claims for HFMD between 2011 and 2017, with an age restriction of ≤6 years, and explored the epidemiological characteristics of both HFMD patients and hospitalized cases in Korea. The relative risk ratio and spatio-temporal scan statistics were calculated by administrative district, using SaTScan.
RESULTS
Over a 7-year period, 1,879,342 children under the age of 6 were diagnosed with HFMD (8.4 of 100 persons younger than 6 years of age). Seasonal incidence tended to increase from week 17 (May) peak between weeks 29 (July) and 39 (September), and increase rapidly in 1- to 2-year cycles. HFMD primarily occurred in children younger than 4 years of age. Furthermore, the greatest proportion of cases occurred at ages 1 (39.2%) and 2 (25.7%). Overall, 92.6% of all cases occurred before the age of 6. The proportion of cases before the age of 6was slightly higher in males. The timing of HFMD epidemics differed over the years. In 2015, the HFMD cumulative incidence was the lowest (5.5/1,000), and the spatio-temporal cluster (RR 2.32) was predominantly located south-central Korea, covering 65 counties for twenty-two weeks. In 2016, however, its cumulative incidence was high (RR 6.34) over a short period (11 weeks) in specific areas such as Ulsan, Daegu, Busan, and Gyeongnam. Also, the southern parts of Korea were found to have a higher rate of hospitalization.
CONCLUSIONS
HFMD in Korea is common in children younger than 6 years of age, and it tends to peak in the summer.
目的
手足口病（HFMD）是儿童常见的病毒性感染，由于其高传染性，疾病负担较大。本报告研究了韩国 6 岁以下儿童手足口病的流行病学特征以及其时间和地理分布。
方法
本报告通过整合 2011 年至 2017 年医疗保险索赔的人口和地理数据，建立了一个数据库，年龄限制为≤6 岁，并探讨了韩国手足口病患者和住院病例的流行病学特征。使用 SaTScan 按行政区计算相对风险比和时空扫描统计。
结果
在 7 年期间，有 1879342 名 6 岁以下儿童被诊断患有手足口病（每 100 名 6 岁以下儿童中有 8.4 例）。季节性发病率倾向于从第 17 周（5 月）增加，在第 29 周（7 月）和第 39 周（9 月）之间达到高峰，并在 1 至 2 岁的周期内迅速增加。手足口病主要发生在 4 岁以下的儿童中。此外，最大比例的病例发生在 1 岁（39.2%）和 2 岁（25.7%）。总体而言，所有病例中有 92.6%发生在 6 岁之前。男孩在 6 岁之前的病例比例略高。手足口病疫情在不同年份的时间不同。2015 年，手足口病累积发病率最低（5.5/1000），时空聚类（RR 2.32）主要位于韩国中南部，覆盖 65 个县，持续 22 周。然而，2016 年，在特定地区（如蔚山、大邱、釜山和庆南），其累积发病率较高（RR 6.34），持续时间较短（11 周）。此外，韩国南部地区的住院率较高。
结论
韩国手足口病在 6 岁以下儿童中很常见，夏季达到高峰。
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