Fang Chunyi, Zhang Jinming, Zhou Tang, Li Longkai, Lu Yaofei, Gao Zan, Quan Minghui
School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
College of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271016, China.
J Clin Med. 2020 Jan 7;9(1):163. doi: 10.3390/jcm9010163.
To investigate the relationships between daily step counts and physical fitness in preschool children.
Preschoolers' step counts were assessed by ActiGraph accelerometers consecutively for seven days. Physical fitness was assessed by a 20 m shuttle run test (cardiorespiratory fitness), the handgrip and standing long jump tests (musculoskeletal fitness), and the 2 × 10 m shuttle run test (speed/agility). A composite score was created from the mean of the standardized values of all physical fitness tests.
A total of 301 preschoolers (134 girls, mean age 57.40 ± 5.47 months; 167 boys, mean age 58.10 ± 5.34 months) were included in the final analysis. Compared with the lowest tertile, boys and girls in the highest tertile of step counts achieved high physical fitness with odds ratio (OR) being 5.39 (95% CI = 1.65-17.59) and 4.42 (95% CI = 1.30-14.99), respectively, after adjusting for confounders. Meanwhile, a relationship was observed for each 1000 steps/day increment being associated with 43% (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.10-1.85) and 62% (OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.20-2.19) increment for high physical fitness in boys and girls, respectively. In addition, significant non-linear relationship was observed between daily steps and physical fitness in boys, which indicated that accumulated 8000 steps/day was associated with the highest ratio to achieve high physical fitness.
Positive relationships between step counts and physical fitness were observed in preschool children, and the relationships were strongest for those who accumulated 8000 steps/day in boys. To confirm the findings in this study, well-designed and large-scale longitudinal studies are needed in the future.
探讨学龄前儿童每日步数与身体素质之间的关系。
使用ActiGraph加速度计连续七天评估学龄前儿童的步数。通过20米往返跑测试（心肺适能）、握力和立定跳远测试（肌肉骨骼适能）以及2×10米往返跑测试（速度/敏捷性）来评估身体素质。根据所有身体素质测试标准化值的平均值创建一个综合得分。
最终分析纳入了301名学龄前儿童（134名女孩，平均年龄57.40±5.47个月；167名男孩，平均年龄58.10±5.34个月）。在校正混杂因素后，与步数最低三分位数组相比，步数最高三分位数组的男孩和女孩身体素质良好，优势比（OR）分别为5.39（95%CI=1.65-17.59）和4.42（95%CI=1.30-14.99）。同时，观察到男孩和女孩每日步数每增加1000步，身体素质良好的增幅分别为43%（OR=1.43，95%CI=1.10-1.85）和62%（OR=1.62，95%CI=1.20-2.19）。此外，男孩的每日步数与身体素质之间存在显著的非线性关系，这表明每天累计8000步与达到良好身体素质的最高比例相关。
在学龄前儿童中观察到步数与身体素质之间存在正相关关系，且在男孩中，这种关系在每天累计8000步的人群中最为显著。为了证实本研究的结果，未来需要进行精心设计的大规模纵向研究。
