Ke Dandan, Maimaitijiang Remili, Shen Shaoshuai, Kishi Hidetada, Kurokawa Yusuke, Suzuki Koya
School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan.
Front Pediatr. 2022 Aug 2;10:939442. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.939442. eCollection 2022.
Physical fitness, which can be measured using various health- and skill-related components, is an important indicator of child development and health status. This study undertakes a scoping review on physical fitness assessment methods in preschool children to summarize the most widely used field-based physical fitness batteries and specific test items for preschool children. A search of the literature in English was undertaken using two major electronics databases, which yielded 76 literatures that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These literatures took the quantitative indicators of physical fitness as the outcome variables in 3-6-year-old children. This review found that of these 76 literatures analyzed, 71.1% came from Europe and 89.5% were published after 2010. The results showed six physical fitness test batteries, with the assessing FITness in PREschoolers (PREFIT) battery is the most widely used, and specific test items such as body mass index (BMI), standing long jump, handgrip, one-leg stance, sit and reach, 20 m shuttle run test (SRT)-PREFIT, and 4 × 10 m SRT are widely used in corresponding components. Therefore, we recommend that an international standard for some specific test items should be developed for preschool children to facilitate more widespread adoption and promote physical fitness assessment for preschool children.
体能可以通过各种与健康和技能相关的指标来衡量，是儿童发育和健康状况的重要指标。本研究对学龄前儿童体能评估方法进行了范围综述，以总结最广泛使用的基于现场的学龄前儿童体能测试组合及具体测试项目。使用两个主要电子数据库对英文文献进行检索，共获得76篇符合纳入和排除标准的文献。这些文献将3至6岁儿童体能的量化指标作为结果变量。该综述发现，在分析的这76篇文献中，71.1%来自欧洲，89.5%于2010年后发表。结果显示有六种体能测试组合，其中学龄前儿童体能测试（PREFIT）组合使用最为广泛，体重指数（BMI）、立定跳远、握力、单腿站立、坐位体前屈、20米折返跑测试（SRT）-PREFIT以及4×10米SRT等具体测试项目在相应指标中被广泛使用。因此，我们建议应为学龄前儿童制定一些具体测试项目的国际标准，以促进更广泛的采用并推动学龄前儿童的体能评估。
