Åstrand Laboratory of Work Physiology, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, 114 33 Stockholm, Sweden.
Division of Insurance medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jan 14;17(2):511. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17020511.
The prevalence of poor health, in particular stress-related mental ill-health, is increasing over time and birth cohorts. As rapid societal changes have occurred in the last decade and still are occurring, there is an interest in investigating the trends in health-related factors. The aim of the present study was to investigate trends in self-reported general health, overall stress, work-related stress, feelings of loneliness, and sleeping problems in 335,625 Swedish adults across categories of gender, geographic regions, length of education, and age from 2000 to 2016. On population level, sleeping problems and poor general health have increased markedly and significantly, while experiences of work stress decreased between 2000 and 2016 ( < 0.05). Overall stress and level of loneliness were unchanged ( > 0.05). The risk of having ≥3 symptoms (any of poor or very poor general health, often or very often perceived overall stress, loneliness, or sleeping problems) has increased significantly from 2000 to 2016 (ß = 1034 (1027-1040)). This increase was significantly higher in young (ß = 1052 (1038-1065)) and individuals with lower education (ß = 1056 (1037-1076)) compared to older and high length of education.
随着时间的推移和出生队列的变化，健康状况不佳，尤其是与压力相关的心理健康问题，越来越普遍。由于过去十年社会快速变化，人们对与健康相关因素的趋势产生了兴趣。本研究旨在调查 2000 年至 2016 年期间，瑞典 335625 名成年人在性别、地理区域、受教育程度和年龄类别中自我报告的一般健康状况、总体压力、与工作相关的压力、孤独感和睡眠问题的趋势。在人口层面，睡眠问题和一般健康状况不佳显著且明显增加，而工作压力在 2000 年至 2016 年间下降（<0.05）。总体压力和孤独感水平保持不变（>0.05）。从 2000 年到 2016 年，出现≥3 个症状（任何一般健康状况不佳或非常差、经常或非常频繁感到总体压力、孤独或睡眠问题）的风险显著增加（β=1034（1027-1040））。与年龄较大和受教育程度较高的人相比，年轻人（β=1052（1038-1065））和受教育程度较低的人（β=1056（1037-1076））的这种增加明显更高。
