Correddu Fabio, Lunesu Mondina Francesca, Buffa Giovanna, Atzori Alberto Stanislao, Nudda Anna, Battacone Gianni, Pulina Giuseppe
Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Scienze Zootecniche, University of Sassari, viale Italia, 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Jan 14;10(1):131. doi: 10.3390/ani10010131.
Recently, the interest in industrial by-products produced at the local level in Mediterranean areas, resulting from fruit and vegetable processes, has increased because of their considerable amounts of bioactive compounds, including polyphenols. In this review, we analyze the most recent scientific results concerning the use of agro-industrial by-products, naturally rich in polyphenols (BPRP), in the diets of small dairy ruminants. Effects on milk production, milk and rumen liquor fatty acid profile, metabolic parameters, and methane production are reviewed. The feed intake and digestibility coefficients were generally depressed by BPRP, even though they were not always reflected in the milk yield. The main observed positive effects of BPRP were on quality of the milk's FA profile, antioxidant activity in milk and blood, a reduction of rumen ammonia, and, consequently, a reduction of milk and blood urea. The expected beneficial effects of dietary polyphenols in small ruminants were not always observed because of their complex and variable matrices. However, owing to the large quantities of these products available at low prices, the use of BPRB in small ruminant nutrition offers a convenient solution to the valorization of residues arising from agricultural activities, reducing feed costs for farmers and conferring added value to dairy products at the local level, in a sustainable way.
最近，由于地中海地区水果和蔬菜加工产生的大量工业副产品含有包括多酚在内的生物活性化合物，人们对这些副产品的兴趣有所增加。在这篇综述中，我们分析了有关在小型反刍动物日粮中使用富含多酚的农业工业副产品（BPRP）的最新科学成果。综述了其对产奶量、牛奶和瘤胃液脂肪酸谱、代谢参数以及甲烷产生的影响。BPRP通常会降低采食量和消化系数，尽管它们并不总是反映在产奶量上。BPRP观察到的主要积极影响是对牛奶脂肪酸谱的质量、牛奶和血液中的抗氧化活性、瘤胃氨的减少，以及因此牛奶和血液尿素的减少。由于其复杂多变的基质，小型反刍动物日粮中多酚的预期有益效果并不总是能观察到。然而，由于这些产品大量低价可得，在小型反刍动物营养中使用BPRB为农业活动产生的残留物增值提供了一个便捷的解决方案，以可持续的方式降低了农民的饲料成本，并为当地乳制品赋予了附加值。
