Selgan Duguma Bekana, Guye Abule, Nurfeta Ajebu, Tolera Adugna, Yigrem Sintayehu
Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Arsi University, P.O. Box 193, Asella, Ethiopia.
School of Animal and Range Science, College of Agriculture, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2024 Oct 15;10(23):e39429. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39429. eCollection 2024 Dec 15.
The study was carried out to evaluate the availability, use as livestock feed and nutritional value of fruit waste in a few chosen urban (within) and peri-urban (around) areas of West Arsi and Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia. The study areas were chosen using a muti-stage purposive sampling technique and 306 respondents in total-102 from each of Shashemene, Hawassa and Yirgalem-were randomly chosen and interviewed. We used established methodology to examine the nutritional values of six (avocado seed, avocado peel with pulp, papaya pomace, mango, pineapple and banana peels) commonly used fruit waste (FBPs) samples for chemical composition and digestibility analysis. Chi-square was used to examine qualitative results while two-way analyses of variance were used for quantitative factors. Avocado, banana, mango, papaya and pineapple waste were the major useable FBPs for feeding livestock. These wastes were fed to livestock after chopping and wilting without mixing to other feeds. Perishability, health concern, shortage of storage facilities and knowledge were the major limitations whereas low price, high demands, good quality, palatability, use as a source of income and reduction in environmental pollution were the major opportunities for feeding livestock. The range of crude protein (CP) contents were from 5.49 to 19.51 % where papaya pomace contained the highest (p < 0.05) CP content while avocado seed were the lowest (p < 0.05) in CP content. The content of neutral detergent fiber was <45 %, except pineapple peels. The range of acid detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin contents were from 11.23 to 24.29 % and 1.69-13.54 %, respectively. The mean in-vitro dry matter digestibility was within the range of 70.67-88.17 %. In conclusion, the year round production and good nutritive value of fruit wastes make them a choice feed as a source of protein and energy in the study areas. We recommend animal performance evaluation and quantification of these wastes for further use by livestock.
本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚西部阿西和锡达马地区州几个选定的城市（市区内）和城郊（周边）地区水果废弃物作为牲畜饲料的可用性、用途及营养价值。研究区域采用多阶段目的抽样技术选取，总共306名受访者——分别从沙舍梅内、哈瓦萨和伊尔加莱姆各随机选取102人——并对其进行访谈。我们采用既定方法，对六种常用水果废弃物样本（鳄梨籽、带果肉的鳄梨皮、木瓜渣、芒果、菠萝和香蕉皮）进行化学成分和消化率分析，以检测其营养价值。卡方检验用于检验定性结果，而双向方差分析用于定量因素。鳄梨、香蕉、芒果、木瓜和菠萝废弃物是喂养牲畜的主要可用水果废弃物。这些废弃物切碎并萎蔫后直接喂给牲畜，未与其他饲料混合。易腐性、健康问题、储存设施短缺和知识匮乏是主要限制因素，而价格低廉、需求高、质量好、适口性好、可作为收入来源以及减少环境污染是喂养牲畜的主要机遇。粗蛋白（CP）含量范围为5.49%至19.51%，其中木瓜渣的CP含量最高（p<0.05），而鳄梨籽的CP含量最低（p<0.05）。除菠萝皮外，中性洗涤纤维含量<45%。酸性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤木质素含量范围分别为11.23%至24.29%和1.69%至13.54%。体外干物质消化率平均值在70.67%至88.17%范围内。总之，水果废弃物全年生产且营养价值高，使其成为研究区域牲畜蛋白质和能量来源的优质饲料选择。我们建议对这些废弃物进行动物性能评估和定量，以供牲畜进一步使用。
