Xin Hanshen, Gao Xike
Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China.
Chempluschem. 2017 Jul;82(7):945-956. doi: 10.1002/cplu.201700039. Epub 2017 Apr 11.
Azulene, as an isomer of naphthalene, has received increasing interest due to its unique chemical structure and unusual photophysical properties, including a large dipole moment of 1.08 D, a narrow energy gap between the HOMO and LUMO, and abnormal fluorescence (anti-Kasha's rule) from the second excited state to the ground state. In this Minireview, the general strategies and representative synthetic methods for the preparation and functionalization of azulene and its derivatives are presented, and then the application of azulene-based optoelectronic materials in organic field-effect transistors and solar cells is discussed. Finally, the challenges and outlook on developing azulene-based optoelectronic materials are discussed, together with several key points on molecular design and synthesis.
薁作为萘的异构体，因其独特的化学结构和异常的光物理性质而受到越来越多的关注，这些性质包括1.08 D的大偶极矩、最高占据分子轨道（HOMO）和最低未占分子轨道（LUMO）之间的窄能隙，以及从第二激发态到基态的异常荧光（反卡沙规则）。在这篇综述中，介绍了薁及其衍生物的制备和功能化的一般策略和代表性合成方法，然后讨论了薁基光电器件材料在有机场效应晶体管和太阳能电池中的应用。最后，讨论了开发薁基光电器件材料的挑战和前景，以及分子设计和合成的几个关键点。
