Song Yang, Soto Jennifer, Chen Binru, Yang Li, Li Song
Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; School of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Biomaterials. 2020 Mar;234:119743. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119743. Epub 2020 Jan 3.
Cells live in a complex and dynamic microenvironment, and a variety of microenvironmental cues can regulate cell behavior. In addition to biochemical signals, biophysical cues can induce not only immediate intracellular responses, but also long-term effects on phenotypic changes such as stem cell differentiation, immune cell activation and somatic cell reprogramming. Cells respond to mechanical stimuli via an outside-in and inside-out feedback loop, and the cell nucleus plays an important role in this process. The mechanical properties of the nucleus can directly or indirectly modulate mechanotransduction, and the physical coupling of the cell nucleus with the cytoskeleton can affect chromatin structure and regulate the epigenetic state, gene expression and cell function. In this review, we will highlight the recent progress in nuclear biomechanics and mechanobiology in the context of cell engineering, tissue remodeling and disease development.
细胞生活在复杂且动态的微环境中，多种微环境线索可调节细胞行为。除生化信号外，生物物理线索不仅能诱导即时的细胞内反应，还能对诸如干细胞分化、免疫细胞激活和体细胞重编程等表型变化产生长期影响。细胞通过一个由外向内和由内向外的反馈回路对机械刺激作出反应，而细胞核在这一过程中发挥着重要作用。细胞核的力学特性可直接或间接调节机械转导，细胞核与细胞骨架的物理耦合可影响染色质结构并调节表观遗传状态、基因表达和细胞功能。在本综述中，我们将重点介绍在细胞工程、组织重塑和疾病发展背景下，核生物力学与机械生物学的最新进展。
