Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jan 18;17(2):629. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17020629.
Urbanization processes at both global and regional scales are taking place at an unprecedent pace, leading to more than half of the global population living in urbanized areas. This process could exert grand challenges on the human living environment. With the proliferation of remote sensing and satellite data being used in social and environmental studies, fine spatial- and temporal-resolution measures of urban expansion and environmental quality are increasingly available. This, in turn, offers great opportunities to uncover the potential environmental impacts of fast urban expansion. This paper investigated the relationship between urban expansion and pollutant emissions in the Fujian province of China by building a Bayesian spatio-temporal autoregressive model. It drew upon recently compiled pollutant emission data with fine spatio-temporal resolution, long temporal coverage, and multiple sources of remote sensing data. Our results suggest that there was a significant relationship between urban expansion and pollution emission intensity-urban expansion significantly elevated the PM and NO emissions intensity in Fujian province during 1995-2015. This finding was robust to different measures of urban expansion and retained after controlling for potential confounding effects. The temporal evolution of pollutant emissions, net of covariate effects, presented a fluctuation pattern rather than a consistent trend of increasing or decreasing. Spatial variability of the pollutant emissions intensity among counties was, however, decreasing steadily with time.
城市化进程在全球和区域范围内以前所未有的速度进行，导致全球超过一半的人口居住在城市化地区。这一过程可能会给人类生活环境带来巨大挑战。随着遥感和卫星数据在社会和环境研究中的广泛应用，对城市扩张和环境质量进行精细的时空分辨率测量变得越来越容易。这反过来又为揭示快速城市扩张的潜在环境影响提供了很好的机会。本研究通过构建贝叶斯时空自回归模型，探讨了中国福建省城市扩张与污染物排放之间的关系。该研究利用了最近编制的具有精细时空分辨率、长期覆盖范围和多源遥感数据的污染物排放数据。研究结果表明，城市扩张与污染排放强度之间存在显著关系-在 1995-2015 年期间，城市扩张显著提高了福建省的 PM 和 NO 排放强度。这一发现不受城市扩张不同度量的影响，并且在控制了潜在的混杂效应后仍然存在。在控制了协变量的影响后，污染物排放强度的时间演变呈现出波动模式，而不是持续增加或减少的趋势。然而，各县之间污染物排放强度的空间变异性随着时间的推移呈稳步下降趋势。
